Noble seat Lustenfelden
The noble seat Lustenfelden was in what is now the Kaplanhof district of Linz .
history
From the farm to the noble estate
At a point in time that can no longer be determined, the Hof zu Pfaffenhart was built east of Linz. Originally this was a Passau fief , given to the Pfaffenhart (1260) who ran the farm until the 15th century. Documentation begins in the first third of the 15th century. The owners at that time were the Schaller (Schuller), a family of knights from Freetown. Walchun der Schaller was first sealed in 1408, then also in 1425. He left a daughter Elspet to his wife Barbara, who inherited the Hof zu Pfaffenhart and brought him into the marriage with Peter Greil zu Erdperg, who was already close to the Schallers business relationship. In 1431 both sold the Hof zu Pfaffenhart to the Linz citizen and council member Michael Herzog. This was confirmed by the Passau bishop as a fief.
Pfaffenhart remained in this family until the middle of the 15th century. Then Michael Herzog's daughter Barbara married Wolfgang Hohenfurtner I († 1471) and brought her share of the court into the marriage. Until 1476, the entire court and other farmsteads were owned by the Hohenfurtner. Wolfgang Hohenfurtner had four sons (Thomas, Hans, Sigmund, Wolfgang II.) And three daughters (Ottilie, Amalie, Margareth). Hans Hohenfurtner appears for the first time in a fiefdom in 1468 as a co-owner of the Hof zu Pfaffenhart. In 1476, Bishop Ulrich von Passau finally lent the court to Pfaffenhart to Sigmund Hohenfurtner. After Sigmund's death (before 1507), his brother Wolfgang and his cousin Bernhart received the Pfaffenhart court as a fief from Bishop Wiguleus von Passau. Bernhart († 1531), who filled several important offices (nurse to Waxenberg 1527, infirmary master of the “Sundersiechenhaus” to Linz 1522) subsequently remained the only male Hohenfurtner and so the entire family property came to him.
Under Emperor Ferdinand II, he was promoted to the nobility (nobility in 1530 and elevation of the family estate to a free seat). In addition, he was given the right to serve wine “without handicap” at his Pfaffenhart seat without cash. The wine came from his Lower Austrian vineyards. He also received permission to rename Pfaffenhart in Lustenfelden and to refer to himself and his heirs as "Hohenfurtner von Lustenfelden". Lustenfeld had finally become a Dominical property. The farms that were subject to interest at Lustenfelden, however, did not form a closed territory, but were scattered over the Mühlviertel and Traunviertel; this was typical for many people. Bernhard fathered with his wife Ursula, b. Grandner, five daughters (Katharina, Anna, Felicitas, Barbara, Margreth). Bernhart's large estate was initially administered by his widow for her children, and in the following years (1544 or finally 1564 after the death of Ursula Grandner) the property was divided among them. Most important for the history of Lustenau is the daughter Felicitas, first married to the Linz citizen Wolfgang Düer and secondly to Christoph Hackhl; she had a son (Bernhart Düer).
Lustenfelden becomes a Kaplanhof
After the death of Bernhart Hohenfurtner, the free seat in Lustenfelden fell back to the diocese of Passau as a settled fief. This was acquired by Hieronymus Freiherr von Sprinzenstein and received it as an "aristocratic vermants vallig's fief" from the Passau monastery. After 1540 the seat was bought by Anton von Taxis, the Roman imperial majesty court postmaster, who bequeathed it to his son Christoph von Taxis in 1548. However, things are not as clear as they seem. In a letter from 1550, Christoph von Taxis states that neither he nor his father managed to get hold of his Lustenfelden property. A lawsuit he directed to the caretaker of Ebelsberg , Johann Stierl, fizzled out and so the taxis cannot be brought into any relationship with Lustenfelden despite their legal title. Obviously Felicitas Hohenfurtner was able to maintain ownership and appears here with her husbands.
A major dispute between these and the city of Linz began in 1556 because of the exemption from payment (tap tax) from 1529 and the attempt to serve wine in Lustenfelden. The city of Linz had Christoph Hackhl's wine barrels fogged up several times because, according to their legal opinion, the imperial privilege was issued to the Hohenfurtner illegally (according to earlier Linz freedom letters only the city of Linz had the right to serve or the right to demand ungeld). Several lawsuits initiated by Felicitas Hohenfurtner (Hackhl) and Christoph Hackhl were in favor of the city of Linz. Only a later owner of Lustenfelden, namely the politically much more potent Wolfgang Jörger , enforced this claim. His successor, Helmhart Christoph Ungnad von Weißenwolff , even set up his own brewery in Lustenfelden in 1687, whereby his position as governor helped him.
Through the second marriage of Felicitas Hohenfurtner, Lustenfelden came to Christoph Hackhl († 1577). This one also had no male offspring. His wife Felicitas (the actual owner of Lustenfeld) may have died before him. Probably after the Hackhl Josef Stangl von Waldenfels, husband of Anna Hohenfurtner, administered Lustenfelden as "Häcküscher guardian". Lustenfelden was bought in 1589 by Hans Balthasar Kaplan, imperial forest master in Austria on the Enns (since then called Kaplanhof). He also received the fiefdom letter from the Passau bishop. The Kaplans were a small noble family from Mühlviertel who also owned properties in Linz.
Lustenfelden among the Jörgers
Due to financial difficulties, Kaplan could not stay at Lustenfelden for long. After several distress sales he had to borrow a large sum of money from Wolfgang Jörger and pledge his Lustenfelden property in return. Due to outstanding repayments, Wolfgang Jörger began to reach out to Lustenfelden in 1599. In 1600 he took over Lustenfelden as a deposit. However, Kaplan disagreed with this and a lawsuit over several years resulted. After the death of Wolfgang Jörger (1613) this was continued by his son Helmhart Jörger. Hans Kaplan did not live to see the outcome of the dispute either; from 1623 his daughter Anna joined the trial. Her presumed husband Johann Raesfeldt von Rosenthal (Hallamtsverwalter zu Ischl) applied in 1623 to the Passau bishop to be awarded the Lustenfelden fiefdom.
On Lustenfelden, the Upper Austrian provincial estates concluded a treaty with the leader Laurentius Ramée of the Passau war people (popularly called Rammauf ), who plundered the country in 1610/11, according to which he was supposed to vacate the country peacefully. Linz was in fact spared, the war people withdrew vandalizing through the Mühlviertel towards Budweis .
Since Helmhart Jörger was an avid Protestant , he came into distress after the defeat of the Protestant nobility in the Battle of White Mountain in 1620. He was arrested in Vienna and sentenced to death for high treason and imprisoned. By a Begnadigungsakt the emperor from 1625 he was released, also a part of his property ( Castle Köppach , Erlach Castle ) he was awarded again during the rule Steyregg , was managed by the out Lustfeld in the receivership should reach the emperor. In addition, the Bishop of Passau had started a lawsuit against Jörger in 1623 because of Felonie (feudal infidelity) and wanted to take the opportunity to get Lustenfelden back to himself. After a protracted legal dispute, Helmhart Jörger was relieved of the Lustenfelden office in 1628. This did not end the legal dispute, however, as Passau brought the Felonie charge again. Helmhart Jörger († 1631) did not live to see the end of the trial. Although Jörger had two daughters, the Bishop of Passau insisted on viewing Lustenfelden and Steyregg as fallen fiefdoms . The emperor also agreed. The feudal provost Hans Christoph von Thürheim († 1634) was appointed as the keeper of these goods .
Lustenfelden under the Weißenwolffs
The daughter Maria Elisabeth married David Ungnad von Ennsegg and Sonnegg, who had become Catholic again . In 1635 there was a contract with the Passau Hochstift, according to which the Lustenfelden office should come to the Ungnads. The aforementioned Johann Raesfeldt, the chaplain’s son-in-law, tried several times to get possession of Lustenfelden. However, this was rejected by the governorate. When the Jörger inheritance was divided, Maria Elisabeth fell to Lustenfelden, Steyregg Castle, Erlach Castle and Jörgersche Freihaus in Linz. The younger daughter Anna Magdalena, married to Countess von Harrach, received the other possessions of her father, e. B. Köppach Castle . After the death of David Ungnad († 1672), in the meantime raised to Count Weißenwolff, the inheritance passed to his only son Helmhart Christoph (* 1635). After his death (1702) the extensive property was divided among his three sons Franz Anton (1679-1715), Ferdinand Bonaventura (1693-1771) and Joseph Anton (1695-1759). However, the immense debt burden also had to be dealt with. In addition to Steyregg, Luftenberg and Roith , the eldest son Franz Anton also had Lustenfelden. The only daughter Maria Josepha was married to Johann Wilhelm von Trautson, but was excluded from the inheritance after the death of her father, but was initially compensated with a monetary payment. Due to a draw, the younger brother was awarded to Joseph Anton Lustenfelden in 1721. He could no longer service the accumulated debts and so his goods came under sequestration or bankruptcy ensued. Joseph Anton died in 1759 without an heir. Actually, Ferdinand Bonaventura was supposed to take over Lustenfelden due to the inheritance contract, but also had to file for bankruptcy. In 1765, a contract was signed between the son Ferdinand Bonaventura, Count Franz Josef (1719–1801), and the creditors, according to which he was able to manage his property independently as administrator. Ferdinand Bonaventura had another son, Guidobald (1724–1784). His sons Ferdinand (1757–1813) and Johann Nepomuk (1779–1855) followed as heirs. Among them, the relationship of subjects to the Lustenfelden rule was dissolved in 1848. Since Johann Nepomuk died childless, he was followed by a grandson of his brother (1817–1872). His son Konrad († 1912) applied to the kk district court in 1904 that the two entails Steyregg and Parz be merged. He was followed by his two sons Paul (killed in an accident in the northern theater of war in 1915) and Nikolaus († 1917). With that, the gender of Weißenwolff's disgrace in the male line is extinguished.
Lustenfelden (Kaplanhof) in the 20th century
The Lustenfelden outdoor seating was inhabited by the owner families of the Hohenfurtner, the Hackhls, the Kaplan (who stayed here even after the transfer of ownership to the Jörger) and the Jörger. During the Felony dispute with the Bishop of Passau, the seat was inhabited by Oberland people. The Ungnads had set up a few rooms in Lustenfelden as quarters. The building called Kaplanhof was redesigned in 1687 by Helmhart Christoph Graf von Weißenwolff into a brewery and a tavern. This was also contested by the city of Linz, but it was unable to prevail. The brewery was always given to tenants. The families Lackhner, Kreswang (Großeswang), Gerhardinger, Zaintl, Prunmayr, Böck, Weyermayr and others should be mentioned. This brewery became the predecessor of the important Poschacher Brau AG. In 1854 it was passed on from Matthias Radler to Josef Poschacher. Under this, beer production increased significantly. His successors took on further shareholders and converted the brewery into Poschacher Brau AG in 1904, which was then merged into Brau Union Österreich AG .
During the upheaval of the First World War, the brewery in the Kaplanhof was probably closed and the former patio was transferred to the Linz community. At the beginning of the 20th century, the fleet of the Winkler haulage company was housed here. In 1924, the city's employment and unemployment office followed, and later the police. During the Nazi era , the Kaplanhof housed the women's prison. On March 31, 1945, the building was badly hit by bombs. Police Station 6 and a section of the prison for female inmates were later housed. Nothing is left of the building today. In its place (Kaplanhofstrasse 40 / corner Nietzestrasse) is now the Upper Austria University of Education.
In Linz, the Kaplanhof district and, before 2014, the Kaplanhofviertel and Kaplanhofstrasse are reminiscent of the short-term owner Hans Balthasar Kaplan of the former Lustenfelden outdoor seating area.
literature
- Norbert Grabherr : Castles and palaces in Upper Austria. A guide for castle hikers and friends of home. 3rd edition . Oberösterreichischer Landesverlag, Linz 1976, ISBN 3-85214-157-5 .
- Hanns Kreczi: Linz, city on the Danube. Book publisher of the Democratic Printing and Publishing Society, Linz no year (p. 118 f).
- Franz Wilflingseder : History of the rule Lustenfelden near Linz (Kaplanhof). Book publisher of the Democratic Printing and Publishing Society (special publications on the history of the city of Linz), Linz 1952, 170 pages.
Web links
- Lustenfelden on schlossarchiv.de.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Administration building of the Brau Union Poschacher brewery on stadtgeschichte.linz.at.
- ↑ Homepage of the Upper Austria University of Education at ph-ooe.at.
- ↑ Kaplanhofstrasse on stadtgeschichte.linz.at.
Coordinates: 48 ° 18 '26.1 " N , 14 ° 18' 9.3" E