Blow-in insulation

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
With a hose connected to the blowing machine, blowing insulation is introduced into the cavity behind an outer wall.
Cellulose flakes are introduced via the dosing device (barrel) and blown into existing cavities through the hose (below in the picture).

Blow-in insulation materials are loose insulation materials that are introduced into a component using a blow-in machine with the help of air. There is a large number of blown insulation materials that differ in their insulation value and suitability for various purposes.

With the blow-in technique, a complete cavity filling can be achieved. The amount of work required to fill the existing cavities is low and the introduction is easy. To insert the injection hose, only round openings with a diameter of 10 to 20 cm are required.

Blow-in insulation

Insulation material in a model of a wooden wall

Blown insulation materials can consist of inorganic (mineral) or organic (natural or synthetic) substances. They must consist of individual particles that are small enough to be conveyed through hoses with an inner diameter of 6 to 8 cm by air pressure.

The insulating property of the material is achieved through the inclusion of air pores that are as finely distributed as possible, which reduce heat conduction . The matrix required to hinder internal air circulation consists either of an agglomeration of fibers or of a compact mass that has been expanded under the action of heat or through a chemical reaction to form pores. With airgel , the finely divided water contained in the raw material is evaporated.

Natural raw materials

Mineral raw materials

Synthetic raw materials

Areas of application

  • top floor ceiling
  • Sloping ceilings
  • Jumbo rooms
  • Two-shell masonry
  • Timber frame construction
  • Installation shafts

Abbreviations for blown insulation materials and their use in the building:

  • W - non-pressure-loadable blow-in insulation, e.g. B. for walls, ceilings and ventilated roofs
  • WL - non-pressure-loadable blow-in insulation, e.g. B. for insulation between rafters and joist layers
  • WD - blow-in insulation materials, also pressure-loaded, e.g. B. under pressure-distributing floors (without impact sound requirements ) and in non-ventilated roofs under the roof skin

Important areas of application are in particular hard-to-reach places in loft conversions and in energy- efficient renovation of old buildings . For the subsequent core insulation of the inner air layer in double-walled masonry (between the front and rear wall), only blown insulation materials can be used. Materials approved for this purpose are usually blown into the air layer through holes in the outer wall shell. Blow-in insulation materials are also used for new buildings, especially in timber frame construction and in the area of ​​roof insulation. Blown insulation materials made from renewable raw materials (especially wood fibers and cellulose flakes) are used in loft conversions and lightweight construction, also because of their high level of summer heat protection.

A new area of ​​blown insulation technology appears in the area of ​​installation shafts. A high level of security in preventive structural fire protection can be achieved through defined, machine-based bulk densities. This process helps in existing buildings to carry out a cost-effective, clean and time-saving retrofitting of fire protection. In new installations, this process can be supplemented with further potential and thus leads to efficient construction technology. This subsequent insulation solution also solves the requirements of thermal insulation for hot pipe systems in installation shafts, so that conventional pipe insulation can be dispensed with. Filling the installation walls also means that the requirements for sound insulation can be significantly improved. Ultimately, in residential construction, the filling of manholes leads to the creation of an odor protection that eliminates existing leaks across apartments in the installation shaft.

In public buildings such as schools, offices, administrative buildings, hotels and in general in buildings of building class 4 (over 7 meters high), only non-flammable blow-in insulation materials (e.g. stone wool granulate ) of building material class A1 may be used.

Guidelines

  • DIN EN 14063-1: 2004-11 - Thermal insulation materials for buildings_- Thermal insulation made of expanded clay lightweight aggregates (LWA) produced at the point of use _- Part_1: Specification for the bulk insulation materials before installation. German version EN_14063-1: 2004
  • DIN EN 14063-2: 2013-10 - Thermal insulation materials for buildings_- Thermal insulation made of expanded clay lightweight aggregates (LWA) produced at the point of use _- Part_2: Specification for the installed products. German version EN_14063-2: 2013
  • DIN EN 14064-1: 2019-04 - Thermal insulation materials for buildings_- Mineral wool (MW) thermal insulation produced at the point of use _- Part_1: Specification for bulk insulation materials before installation. German version EN_14064-1: 2018
  • DIN EN 14064-2: 2010-06 - Thermal insulation materials for buildings_- Mineral wool (MW) thermal insulation produced at the point of use _- Part_2: Specification for the installed products. German version EN_14064-2: 2010
  • DIN EN 12524: 2000-07 - Building materials and products - Heat and moisture protection properties - Tabulated rated values; German version EN 12524: 2000
  • DIN EN 13501-1: 2019-05 - Classification of construction products and types of construction in terms of their reaction to fire - Part 1: Classification with the results from the tests on the reaction to fire of construction products. German version EN 13501-1: 2018
  • DIN 4102-16: 2015-09 - Fire behavior of building materials and components - Part 16: Performing fire shaft tests
  • DIN EN 12667: 2001-05 - Thermal behavior of building materials and building products - Determination of the thermal resistance using the method with the plate device and the heat flow measuring plate device - Products with high and medium thermal resistance; German version EN 12667: 2001
  • DIN EN 12086: 2013-06 - Thermal insulation products for building applications - Determination of water vapor permeability; German version EN 12086: 2013
  • DIN EN 29053: 1993-05 - Acoustics; Materials for acoustic applications; Determination of flow resistance (ISO 9053: 1991); German version EN 29053: 1993
  • DIN EN 1609: 2013-05 - Thermal insulation products for building applications - Determination of water absorption with short-term partial immersion; German version EN 1609: 2013

literature

  • Jörg Brandhorst, Josef Spritzendorfer, Kai Gildhorn, Markus Hemp: Insulation materials made from renewable raw materials. Fachagentur Nachwachsende Rohstoffe e. V. (Ed.), 2020, PDF file

Footnotes

  1. ↑ see also: DIN 18161-1: 1976-12 - cork products as insulating materials for the building industry; Insulation materials for thermal insulation