Population development of Gelsenkirchen
This article shows the population development of Gelsenkirchen in tabular and graphic form.
On June 30, 2009, the "official population" for Gelsenkirchen was 260,900 according to updates by the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics North Rhine-Westphalia (only main residences and after comparison with the other state offices).
Population development
In the Middle Ages and the early modern period , Gelsenkirchen only had a few hundred inhabitants. The population grew very slowly and fell again and again due to the numerous wars, epidemics and famine. With the development of the coal and steel industry in the 19th century and the influx of workers from East and West Prussia , as well as from Poznan and Silesia , population growth accelerated. In 1819 only 505 people lived in the village, by 1900 there were already around 37,000.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the city grew mainly through numerous incorporations. On April 1, 1903, after the incorporation of Schalke (26,077 inhabitants 1900), Ückendorf (21,937), Bismarck (21,169), Bulmke (11,001), Heßler (5,558) and Hüllen (6,464), the number of inhabitants exceeded the limit of 100,000 and made it a big city .
On January 1, 1924, Rotthausen (29,413 inhabitants 1919) was incorporated, which increased the population to 206,595. On April 1, 1926, the incorporation of Günningfeld, Leithe (Westphalia), Röhlinghausen and Wanne from the Gelsenkirchen district brought an increase of 1,063 people. On April 1, 1928, after the merger of the cities of Gelsenkirchen (207,153 inhabitants in 1925) and Buer (99,307) and the municipality of Horst-Emscher (23,412) to form the city of Gelsenkirchen-Buer , the population grew to 340,077. On May 21, 1930 the name of the city was changed to Gelsenkirchen. The census on May 17, 1939 counted 317,568 people.
As one of the centers of the war economy, the city was the target of several heavy Allied bombing raids during World War II . In the major attack on November 6, 1944 alone, 518 people died. The air war claimed a total of 3,092 lives and three quarters of the city were destroyed. When it was captured by US troops on April 10, 1945, 160,000 people were still living in the city. That was about half as much as before the war. With the integration of refugees and displaced persons from the former German eastern regions, the population grew very quickly. From the 1950s onwards, there was an increasing number of guest workers from southern Europe and Turkey.
In 1959 the population reached its historic high of 391,745. With the decline of mining in the 1960s, and later also of the iron and steel industry, the population of Gelsenkirchen fell. In 2006, the city with 266,772 inhabitants ranked 24th among German cities and eleventh within North Rhine-Westphalia. Since 1959 the population has fallen by 31.9 percent (124,973 people). For 2025, the state office's population forecast then assumes only 226,100 inhabitants.
Gelsenkirchen is symptomatic of the significant population decline in the large Ruhr area cities. The population has shrunk since the end of the 1970s by approx. 316,000 inhabitants - despite the meanwhile growth of approx. 10,000 inhabitants after reunification in 1990 - to only approx. 256,000 inhabitants in 2012; consequently a decrease of 60,000 inhabitants or almost 20 percent (decreases in the comparison period 1980–2012: Essen minus 14%, Duisburg and Herne minus 13%, Oberhausen minus 10%, Bochum minus 9%, Dortmund minus 7%).
The following overview shows the number of inhabitants according to the respective territorial status . These are census results (¹) or official updates from the city administration (until 1970) and the State Statistical Office (from 1971). From 1840 the information relates to the “customs clearance population”, from 1871 to the “local population”, from 1925 to the resident population and since 1987 to the “population at the place of the main residence”. Before 1840, the number of inhabitants was determined according to inconsistent survey methods.
From 1798 to 1870
(respective territorial status)
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¹ census result
From 1871 to 1944
(respective territorial status)
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¹ census result
Source: City of Gelsenkirchen
From 1945 to 1989
(respective territorial status)
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¹ census result
Sources: City of Gelsenkirchen (until 1970), State Office for Data Processing and Statistics North Rhine-Westphalia (from 1971)
Since 1990
(respective territorial status)
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Sources: State Office for Information and Technology in North Rhine-Westphalia
Population forecast
Bertelsmann Foundation
In its "Guide to Commune Demographic Change 2025" published in 2008 , in which the Bertelsmann Foundation provides data on the development of the population of 2,959 communes in Germany, Gelsenkirchen's population will decrease by 8.6 percent between 2006 and 2025 (23,074 people ) predicted.
Absolute population development 2006–2025 - forecast for Gelsenkirchen (main residences):
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Every December 31st. Source: Bertelsmann Foundation
Postbank forecast
In March 2016, Deutsche Postbank AG published a study conducted by Michael Bräuninger, professor at Helmut Schmidt University , entitled Housing Atlas 2016 - Living in the City , in which a population forecast for 36 major German cities for the year 2030 is carried out. It also explicitly takes into account the immigration in the context of the refugee crisis in Germany from 2015 . For Gelsenkirchen, it predicts a population decline of 8.93% from 2015 to 2030 despite the influx of refugees.
Population structure
The largest groups of foreigners legally registered in Gelsenkirchen on September 30, 2016 came from Turkey (17,243), Syria (4,753), Poland (4,317), Romania (3,926), Serbia (2,382), Bulgaria (1,955), Italy (1,746 ), Kosovo (1,147), Croatia (1,094) and Iraq (1,049).
| population | As of September 30, 2016 |
|---|---|
| Residents with main residence | 264,790 |
| of which male | 131,536 |
| Female | 133,254 |
| German | 214.045 |
| of which male | 103,926 |
| Female | 110.119 |
| Foreigners | 50,745 |
| of which male | 27,610 |
| Female | 23,135 |
| Proportion of foreigners in percent | 19.2 |
Source: City of Gelsenkirchen
age structure
The following overview shows the age structure as of December 31, 2010 (main residences).
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Source: State Office for Information and Technology in North Rhine-Westphalia
Townships
The urban area of Gelsenkirchen consists of five urban districts, each with a district council , which are divided into 18 districts.
The population figures in the following table refer to December 31, 2007 (main residences).
| Surname | Area in km² |
of inhabitants number |
Inhabitants per km² |
Number of foreigners |
Foreigners in% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| center | 27.98 | 90,971 | 3,252 | 15,440 | 17.0 |
| North | 32.94 | 59,726 | 1,813 | 7.115 | 11.9 |
| west | 12.83 | 34,807 | 2,713 | 4,054 | 11.7 |
| east | 20.65 | 43.094 | 2,087 | 2,833 | 6.6 |
| south | 10.47 | 38,569 | 3,683 | 6.126 | 15.9 |
| Gelsenkirchen | 104.84 | 267.167 | 2,548 | 17,105 | 13.3 |
Source: City of Gelsenkirchen
See also
literature
- Karl Friedrich Wilhelm Dieterici (ed.): Communications from the Statistical Bureau in Berlin , 1848–1861.
- Imperial Statistical Office (Ed.): Statistical Yearbook for the German Empire , 1880–1918.
- Statistisches Reichsamt (Ed.): Statistical yearbook for the German Reich , 1919–1941 / 42.
- German Association of Cities (Ed.): Statistical Yearbook of German Communities , 1890 ff.
- Federal Statistical Office (Ed.): Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany , 1952 ff.
- Bertelsmann Stiftung (Ed.): Guide to Demographic Change 2020. Analyzes and action plans for cities and municipalities. Bertelsmann Stiftung Publishing House, Gütersloh 2006, ISBN 3-89204-875-4 .
Web links
- State Office for Information and Technology North Rhine-Westphalia (IT.NRW)
- City of Gelsenkirchen: data and facts
- Bertelsmann Foundation: Guide to the community
Individual evidence
- ↑ LDS NRW: Population in the Münster administrative district ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Bertelsmann Foundation: Population forecast 2006–2025 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Prog. 2012 Bertelsmann Foundation
- ↑ Press release Deutsche Post AG: Postbank study "Housing Atlas 2016 - Living in the City": Where population growth causes prices to rise , published on March 3, 2016, accessed on March 3, 2016
- ↑ City of Gelsenkirchen: Population at the place of the main residence according to the 1st citizenship ( Memento of the original from October 28, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed October 29, 2016
- ^ City of Gelsenkirchen: Inner-city structural data
