Emanuel Ciolina Zanoli

Drawing of Held Carneval's carriage from 1824

Emanuel Ciolina Zanoli (* 1796 in Cologne ; † December 11, 1832 ibid) was a producer of eau de Cologne and, as a Carneval hero, Cologne's first carnival prince .

biography

The father of Emanuel Ciolina-Zanoli, Johann Baptist Ciolina called Zanoli (born February 12, 1759 in Toceno ; † February 9, 1837 in Cologne; son of Stephan Ciolina and Dominica Zanoli) came to Cologne from Italy in the 18th century, where he founded a family with Maria Mechthild Epmundi (* around 1770; † September 16, 1810 in Cologne). Emanuel's uncle Carl Arnold Zanoli initially worked as an assistant to Johann Maria Farina across from Jülichs-Platz , the owner of which was related to him, then became a business partner and then went into business for himself as a producer of Eau de Cologne . For the next hundred years the house was one of the leading companies in its branch. In September 1818 Emanuel Ciolina Zanoli took over the management of the business and after the death of his father shared the business with his younger brother.

Zanoli was a member of the Cologne Casino Society and the Olympic Society around Ferdinand Franz Wallraf . From members of these associations, the Festordnende Gesellschaft des Kölner Carnival was founded in 1823 in order to make the festival attractive for members of the city's upper class. So far, these celebrated mostly in private houses, while the common people celebrated on the street and the latter events mostly degenerated. In addition to Zanoli, the perfume manufacturer Johann Baptist Farina (1758–1844) was a co-founder of the company.

Zanoli took on the newly created role of the hero Carneval for the first time in the masked parades of 1823 . The Cologne police had objected to the originally chosen designation King Carnival because they feared an insult to majesty . According to the ideas of the carnival reformers, this hero Carneval should "direct the wretchedness of the ordinary hustle and bustle in the desired direction due to its noble character and eliminate all grievances".

The hero's robe was modeled on that of the German emperor with a white petticoat with a gold chain and a cloak trimmed with ermine to indicate Cologne's earlier status as a Free Imperial City until 1794. He also wore a golden crown with a peacock tail , a symbol of immortality. In his right hand he held a scepter , in his left a “weapon”, today's Pritsch . A carnival song was written to mark his enthronement and it was long the opening song at all meetings.

There was not yet a triumvirate , but in 1823 there was a “virgin” who was to personify the city's founder, Agrippina . The following year, a princess Venetia , portrayed by the banker's son Simon Oppenheim , was greeted by the hero with great ceremony and given her a bottle of eau de cologne by the court jester.

In 1824, Emanuel Zanoli asked the professor of botany in Bonn, Christian Gottfried Daniel Nees von Esenbeck , who was in contact with Goethe and who regularly attended the Cologne Carnival, to provide “this year's carnival literature, program, songs and notes, the famous poet, the classic portrayal of the Roman fools' festival, and to ask him to honor the Cologne carnival by some public mention ”. Goethe complied with this request and wrote the poem Der Kölner Mummenschanz the following year : "A great striving becomes praiseworthy if it is short and meaningful," it says.

Zanoli took on the role of the hero Carneval for several years, most recently in 1829. In 1830 the public procession was prohibited by the government; the place of the hero Carneval joined the buffoon .

Without leaving any biological descendants, Emanuel Ciolina-Zanoli died in Cologne in 1832 after two years of marriage.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Herbert M. Schleicher: 80,000 death notes from Rhenish collections. (= Publications of the West German Society for Family Studies eV , New Series No. 50) Volume V, Cologne 1990, without ISBN, p. 272.
2. ↑ ^{a b} Herbert M. Schleicher: 80,000 death notes from Rhenish collections. (= Publications of the | West German Society for Family Studies eV, New Series No. 37) Volume I, Cologne 1987, without ISBN, p. 435.
3. ^ Landesarchiv Nordrhein-Westfalen, civil status archive Rhineland, civil status register, regional court district Cologne, registry office Cologne, deaths, 1837, document no. 286.
4. ^ Christina Frohn: Carnival in Cologne, Aachen and Düsseldorf 1923–1914 . Phil. Diss. Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 1999, p. 51 .
5. ↑ ^{a b c} Emanuel Ciolina Zanoli. Napoleonic era, archived from the original on March 24, 2014 ; accessed on March 24, 2014 . 
6. ↑ ^{a b c} Chronicle of the Cologne Carnival from 1823 to 1938. koelner-karneval.info, archived from the original on March 29, 2014 ; accessed on March 24, 2014 . 
7. ↑ In 1823 "Held Karneval" was presented. kamelle.de, March 5, 2011, accessed on March 24, 2014 . 
8. ^ Christina Frohn: Carnival in Cologne, Aachen and Düsseldorf 1923–1914 . Phil. Diss. Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 1999, p. 357 f .
9. ↑ Quoted from: Christina Frohn: Carnival in Cologne, Aachen and Düsseldorf 1923–1914 . Phil. Diss. Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 1999, p. 9 .

Web links

• Emanuel Ciolina Zanoli. Napoleonic era, accessed March 24, 2014 .