Emanuele Paternò

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Emanuele Paternò

Emanuele Paternò di Sessa (born December 12, 1847 in Palermo , † January 18, 1935 there ) was an Italian chemist who discovered the Paternò-Büchi reaction , among other things .

life and work

Paternò came from the noble family of the same name , which goes back to the House of Barcelona , and was born as Marchese di Sessa. He studied chemistry at the University of Palermo with Stanislao Cannizzaro . In 1871 he became a lecturer at the University of Turin . The following year, however, he went back to Palermo to succeed Cannizzaro. In 1892 he became a professor at the University of Rome , where he worked on photochemical tasks and in 1909 discovered the Paternò-Büchi reaction . This was significantly improved by George Hermann Büchi in 1954. During his time in Rome, he discovered the reaction of chlorine gas and carbon monoxide to form phosgene on activated carbon .

Together with Stanislao Cannizzaro, he founded the specialist magazine Gazzetta Chimica Italiana . In 1910 he was appointed a corresponding member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences . Since 1919 he was a corresponding member of the Académie des sciences and a foreign member since 1923 .

During the First World War he was president of the nitrogen gas commission established by the Italian Ministry of War. At the suggestion of the commission headed by Paternò from August 1915 to July 1916, phosgene was used as the main weapon of the Italian army in the First World War.

Paternò was also politically active. He was mayor of Palermo between 1890 and 1892 and a member of the regional parliament between 1898 and 1914. He was also a member and vice-president of the Senate .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Name and keyword reactions in organic chemistry, by Thomas Laue, Andreas Plagens . books.google.de. Retrieved October 19, 2009.
  2. ↑ E. Paterno, G. Chieffi: . . In: Gazz. Chim. Ital. . 39, 1909, p. 341.
  3. ↑ G. Büchi, Charles G. Inman, and ES Lipinsky: Light-catalyzed Organic Reactions. I. The Reaction of Carbonyl Compounds with 2-Methyl-2-Butene in the Presence of Ultraviolet Light . In: Journal of the American Chemical Society . 76, No. 17, 1954, pp. 4327-4331. doi : 10.1021 / ja01646a024 .
  4. ^ The chemical industry in Europe, 1850-1914, by Ernst Homburg, AS Travis, Harm G. Schr . books.google.de. Retrieved October 19, 2009.
  5. ↑ Leonello Paoloni and Giovanni Paoloni: La fondazione della Gazzetta Chimica Italiana (1870-1871) , Rome, Accademia Nazionale Delle Scienze., 1990
  6. ↑ Hans Fischer: Emanuele Paternò (obituary) . In: Meeting reports of the mathematical and natural science department of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences in Munich . Issue 1, 1940, pp. 64–65 ( online [PDF; accessed March 20, 2017]).
  7. ^ Directory of members since 1666: Letter P. Académie des sciences, accessed on January 31, 2020 (French).
  8. ^ Franco Calascibetta: Paternò e la scelta del fosgene . In: La chimica e l'industria . N. 6 November / December 2015, 2015, p. 14-15 (Italian).
personal data
SURNAME Paternò, Emanuele
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Paternò di Sessa, Emanuele (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian chemist
DATE OF BIRTH December 12, 1847
PLACE OF BIRTH Palermo
DATE OF DEATH January 18, 1935
Place of death Palermo