Bandiera brothers

Bandiera brothers

Tomb in the Church of San Zanipolo

The Bandiera brothers - Attilio (* 1818 in Venice ; † 1844 in Rovito near Cosenza ) and Emilio (* 1819 in Venice; † 1844 in Rovito near Cosenza ) - were Italian freedom fighters of the Risorgimento .

Attilio and Emilio Bandiera came from a noble Venetian family. Her father, Francesco Bandiera, was an admiral in the Austrian fleet. His two sons, too, were initially officers in the navy of the Austrian Empire , which had ruled the Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia and thus Venice since the Congress of Vienna .

She later withdrew from the Austrian army and joined Giuseppe Mazzini's movement Giovine Italia , which advocated a united, free and democratic Italy. The Bandiera brothers founded the secret society Esperia and tried from Corfu to instigate revolts against the Bourbons in southern Italy. During one of these actions in June 1844, they were captured in Calabria after being betrayed by their Corsican companion Pietro Boccheciampe. Attilio and Emilio Bandiera were executed with seven other comrades on July 25, 1844 in the Vallone di Rovito near Cosenza .

In retrospect, Giuseppe Mazzini was often blamed for the tragic events; in fact, like Niccolò Fabrizi , the leader of the Legione Italica in Malta, he had warned the brothers against the venture.

literature

swell

• Giuseppe Mazzini: Ricordi dei fratelli Bandiera e dei loro compagni di martirio in Cosenza il 25 luglio 1844. Viari, Paris 1845.

Secondary literature

• Salvatore Meluso: La spedizione dei fratelli Bandiera in Calabria. Rubettino, Soneria Mannelli 2001.
• Franco Della Peruta :  Bandiera, Attilio. In: Alberto M. Ghisalberti (Ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 5:  Bacca-Baratta. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 1963.
• Franco Della Peruta:  Bandiera, Emilio. In: Alberto M. Ghisalberti (Ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 5:  Bacca-Baratta. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 1963.
• Riccardo Pierantoni: Storia dei fratelli Bandiera e loro compagni in Cosenza , Cogliati, Milan 1909.
• Giuseppe Ricciardi and Francesco Lattari: Storia dei fratelli Bandiera e consorti. Le Monnier, Florence 1863.
• Constantin von Wurzbach : Bandiera, Attilius and Emil . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 1st part. University printing house L. C. Zamarski (formerly JP Sollinger), Vienna 1856, p. 142 ( digitized version ).

Web links

Commons : Bandiera Brothers  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• I fratelli Bandiera. In: silaonline.it. Retrieved on July 2, 2016 (Italian, information about the Bandiera brothers on awebsite dedicated to Sila ). 

Individual evidence

1. ^ Giuseppe Ricciardi and Francesco Lattari: Storia dei fratelli Bandiera e consorti. Le Monnier, Florence 1863, p. 75.
2. ↑ Salvatore Meluso: La spedizione dei fratelli Bandiera in Calabria. Rubettino, Soneria Mannelli 2001, p. 8.
3. ↑ Salvatore Meluso: La spedizione dei fratelli Bandiera in Calabria. Rubettino, Soneria Mannelli 2001, p. 10.
4. ^ Giuseppe Ricciardi and Francesco Lattari: Storia dei fratelli Bandiera e consorti. Le Monnier, Florence 1863, p. 61.
5. ^ Rudolf Lill: History of Italy in the modern age. Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 4th edition, Munich 1988, p. 116.
6. ↑ Salvatore Meluso: La spedizione dei fratelli Bandiera in Calabria. Rubettino, Soneria Mannelli 2001, p. 15.
7. ^ Giuseppe Ricciardi and Francesco Lattari: Storia dei fratelli Bandiera e consorti. Le Monnier, Florence 1863, p. 52 f.