Enzootic pneumonia in pigs

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The enzootic pneumonia of swine is a by mycoplasma -induced infectious disease ( mycoplasmosis ) of the pig , with a chronically extending pneumonia ( pneumonia accompanied). In Switzerland it is one of the animal diseases to be controlled .

Pathogen

The pathogen of the disease is Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae , which has a high host specificity and multiplies on mucous membranes . It is one of the most common and important bacterial pathogens in pigs and is common in many herds. Mycoplasmas are normally not phagocytosed by phagocytes . In the environment, the pathogen has only a low resistance ( tenacity ).

The introduction usually takes place through the stabling of infected animals, the infection through animal contact or as droplet infection . The pathogen can be spread over many kilometers via aerosols .

Clinical picture

The pathogen has only a slight pathogenic effect ( pathogenicity ), so that infections can be completely silent. In unfavorable housing conditions, the clinical manifestations of chronic pneumonia occur, which mainly consist of a persistent dry cough. Secondary infections with other bacteria ( Pasteurella multocida , Haemophilus parasuis , Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae , Bordetella bronchiseptica ) can also cause fever and shortness of breath .

The mortality is very low. Economic losses arise above all from small increases in live mass ("carers").

Combat

The control must primarily consist in optimizing the keeping conditions (temperature, humidity, air quality) and preventing the introduction into free stocks ( disinfection , black-and-white principle , all-in-all-out principle , quarantine ). There are effective vaccines against enzootic pneumonia, but in Switzerland vaccinations are prohibited by animal disease law.

Sick animals can be treated with antibiotics ; given the frequent mixed infections, an antibiogram is highly recommended.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Michael Rolle, Anton Mayr: Medical microbiology, infection and epidemic theory . 8th edition. Enke, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-8304-1060-7 , pp. 537 ( online ).

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