Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae
| Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae | ||||||||||||
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| Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae | ||||||||||||
| ( Shope 1964) Pohl et al. 1983 |
Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae is a bacterium which causes inflammation of the lungs and pleura ( pleuropneumonia ) in pigs - what is known as actinobacillosis in pigs .
A. pleuropneumoniae is a gram-negative , immobile, facultatively anaerobic , coconut rod. It causes β- hemolysis and is able to form a capsule. In differentiation experiments it shows urease positive, indole negative and lactose negative. The pathogen is divided into two biovars and 12 serovars (based on the capsule antigens), with one biovar being the virulent form, which, however, is V-factor (i.e. NAD) dependent.
Virulence factors are capsule polysaccharides (phagocytosis protection), membrane proteins ( endo- and exotoxins ), hemagglutinin (hemolysis, vascular permeability factors) and apx toxins (hemloying and cytotoxic).
The transmission is airborne, i.e. via a droplet infection from sick pigs to healthy pigs. The pathogen is highly contagious and spreads worldwide. The pathogen is detected via serological or bacteriological tests .
literature
- H.-J. Selbitz: Actinobacillus . In A. Rolle and A. Mayr (eds.): Medical Microbiology, Infection and Epidemic Studies , 7th edition, Enke, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-432-84686-X .