Outer cup

Hibiscus sabdariffa , flowers with large red sepals and outer calyx

An outer calyx , secondary calyx or epicalyx , also calyculus , hypocalyx or exanthium , is an additional calyx- like covering in flowers , which lies outside the actual calyx directly below the actual flower. It is often added to the flower. The outer cup can be formed in two ways:

Bracts ( bracts ), more husks , form a cup-like envelope (involucre). Examples are the Compositae (Asteraceae), mallow (Malvaceae), the carnations ( Dianthus ), the broom Heiden ( Calluna ) and the Dipsacaceae (Dipsacaceae).
The stipules of the sepals are transformed and thus form the outer calyx. Examples are the strawberries ( Fragaria ) and lady's mantle ( Alchemilla ).

literature

Manfred A. Fischer , Karl Oswald, Wolfgang Adler: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 3rd, improved edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2008, ISBN 978-3-85474-187-9 , p. 99.

Individual evidence

^ Theodor CH Cole: Dictionary of Biology Dictionary of Biology: German / English. 4th edition, Springer, 2015, ISBN 978-3-642-55327-1 , p. 23.
↑ Fr. Elsener, H. Böttger: Guide to preparing for the pharmacist assistant examination. 3rd edition, Springer, 1886, ISBN 978-3-642-98706-9 (reprint), p. 297.

[1] Theodor CH Cole: Dictionary of Biology Dictionary of Biology: German / English. 4th edition, Springer, 2015, ISBN 978-3-642-55327-1 , p. 23.

[2] Fr. Elsener, H. Böttger: Guide to preparing for the pharmacist assistant examination. 3rd edition, Springer, 1886, ISBN 978-3-642-98706-9 (reprint), p. 297.