Erythrodiapedesis

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As erythrodiapedese (from ancient Greek ἐρυθρός erythrós = 'red' and ancient Greek κύτος kýtos = 'cavity', 'vessel', 'shell') and ancient Greek διά dia = 'through', 'through', 'between', 'apart' and ancient Greek πηδᾶν pedan = 'jump', 'bounce'), also called erythrocyte extravasation , is the term used to describe the passage of red blood cells ( erythrocytes ) from the small blood vessels ( arterioles , capillaries and venules ) through the endothelium into the interstitium (also called stroma).

The English-language technical term is extravasation of erythrocytes or erythrodiapedesis . The passage of white blood cells to leukocytes is another form of diapedesis , leukodiapedesis , which has a different etiology ( inflammatory processes ) and a different mechanism of passage (leukocyte migration).

description

The passage of erythrocytes through the capillary wall is made possible by a disease-related loosening of the connection between the endothelial cells ( tight junctions ). This extreme form of vasodilation ( vasodilation ) can occur, for example, in chronic venous insufficiency due to the increased venous pressure and the degenerated capillary walls. In the case of hemorrhagic-necrotizing inflammation, the pathogen toxins can damage the capillary walls so badly that erythrocytes enter the stroma. Ecchymoses on the skin are a sign of erythrodiapedesis. If this accumulation of erythrocytes in the skin is punctiform, one speaks of petechiae . If they are about the size of a coin, they are called sugillation and large areas are called suffusion . In contrast to this, a deeper, extensive erythrodiapedesis that extends into the muscle tissue is called a hematoma (bruise). However, a hematoma is not caused by illness, but by external force.

Medical history

Julius Friedrich Cohnheim

Erythrodiapedesis was observed in 1867 by Julius Friedrich Cohnheim , then assistant to Rudolf Virchow , together with leukodiapedesis on the mesentery of a frog

further reading

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ A. Caggiati, M. Franceschini et al .: Skin erythrodiapedesis during chronic venous disorders. In: Journal of Vascular Surgery . Volume 53, Number 6, June 2011, pp. 1649-1653, ISSN  1097-6809 . doi : 10.1016 / j.jvs.2011.01.045 . PMID 21609798 .
  2. ↑ R. Büttner, C. Thomas: Allgemeine Pathologie. Schattauer Verlag, 2003, ISBN 3-794-52229-X , p. 51. Restricted preview in the Google book search
  3. ^ P. Fritsch: Dermatology, Venereology. 2nd edition, Verlag Springer, 2004, ISBN 3-540-00332-0 , p. 518. Restricted preview in the Google book search
  4. ↑ J. Cohnheim: About inflammation and suppuration. In: Virchows Arch. Volume 40, 1867, pp. 1-79.
  5. ↑ G. Dhom: History of Histopathology. Springer, 2001, ISBN 3-540-67490-X , p. 728. Restricted preview in the Google book search