Eupithecia immundata

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Eupithecia immundata
Eupithecia immundata01.jpg

Eupithecia immundata

Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Order : Butterflies (Lepidoptera)
Family : Spanner (Geometridae)
Subfamily : Larentiinae
Genre : Eupithecia
Type : Eupithecia immundata
Scientific name
Eupithecia immundata
( Lienig , 1846)

Eupithecia immundata , also known as the Pale St. Christopher's Spider , is a butterfly ( moth ) fromthe Spanner family (Geometridae).

features

butterfly

The wingspan of the moth is 17 to 21 millimeters. The basic color of the forewings is mostly yellow-brown. Drawing elements are only faintly recognizable even in newly hatched specimens. Three pale transverse lines are usually quite poor in contrast and hardly stand out from the background. A center point is missing. The hind wings, which are also almost without drawing, are slightly lighter than the forewings.

egg

The whitish to light green egg has a pointed and a blunt pole. The surface is covered with a network of weak cells.

Caterpillar

Adult caterpillars are whitish, short and thick, have clearly constricted segments and appear maggot-shaped. The head and neck shield are black-brown.

Doll

The pupae are honey to amber yellow in color and show greenish wing sheaths. There are six short bristles on the cremaster .

Similar species

Eupithecia plumbeolata is somewhat smaller, more contrasting and, like Eupithecia thalictrata, has a predominantly gray-brown basic color.

As with many flowering species, a reliable determination should be carried out by specialists, and a genital morphological analysis is also advisable for unambiguous assignment.

Geographical distribution and occurrence

Eupithecia immundata occurs mainly in the middle and northeast of Central Europe as well as in the Pyrenees , the Alps and the Carpathians . The species prefers shady and herbaceous deciduous and mixed forests.

Way of life

The moths are mostly nocturnal and can be found from late May to late July. They also appear in both sexes in artificial light sources . The eggs are laid individually on the still unripe fruits of the host plant. The caterpillars live in July and August. They feed on the fruits of St. Christopher's herb ( Actea spicata ), in which they also live. When they are fully grown, they drop to the ground and pupate in a solid web on or in the ground. The pupae overwinter, sometimes twice.

Danger

In Germany, Eupithecia immundata is locally widespread, rare in some areas and is included in the red list of endangered species on the warning list. In Bavaria and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania the species is classified as "potentially endangered" (category 4).

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Vladimir Mironov: The Geometrid Moths of the World . In: Axel Hausmann (Ed.): The Geometrid Moths of Europe . 1st edition. Volume 4: Larentiinae II. Perizomini and Eupitheciini . Apollo Books, Stenstrup 2003, ISBN 87-88757-40-4 (English).
  2. ^ Günter Ebert (Ed.): The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 9. Moths VII. Geometridae 2nd part . 1st edition. Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2003, ISBN 3-8001-3279-6 .
  3. ↑ Ernst and Herta Urbahn: The butterflies of Pomerania with a comparative overview of the Baltic Sea region , Entomological Association of Stettin, Stettin 1939
  4. ↑ Walter Forster, Theodor A. Wohlfahrt: The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 5: Spanner. (Geometridae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-440-04951-5 .
  5. ↑ Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (Ed.): Red List of Endangered Animals in Germany . Landwirtschaftsverlag, Münster 1998, ISBN 3-89624-110-9 .

literature

  • Vladimir Mironov: The Geometrid Moths of the World . In: Axel Hausmann (Ed.): The Geometrid Moths of Europe . 1st edition. Volume 4: Larentiinae II. Perizomini and Eupitheciini . Apollo Books, Stenstrup 2003, ISBN 87-88757-40-4 (English).
  • Günter Ebert (Ed.): The butterflies of Baden-Württemberg. Volume 9. Moths VII. Geometridae 2nd part . 1st edition. Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2003, ISBN 3-8001-3279-6 .
  • Walter Forster , Theodor A. Wohlfahrt : The butterflies of Central Europe. Volume 5: Spanner. (Geometridae). Franckh'sche Verlagshandlung, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-440-04951-5 .

Web links

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