Management system

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Guidance system called different things in several organizations - is mostly about the "operational command system, command and weapon control system" (FüWES), the "Executive Information System" or "Combat Direction System" (CDS), a following IT system to support command and control processes . It generally includes real-time components as well as planning and management aids.

tasks

A management system usually covers the following tasks:

  • Consolidation of the measurement results of the connected sensors (e.g. radar ),
  • Processing, interpreting and presenting the situation information obtained in this way,
  • Placement of orders to subordinate units, e.g. B. by means of tactical data link ,
  • if necessary, automated and coordinated use of weapons against recognized targets,
  • Success control of the use of weapons

Range of functions

To fulfill the tasks listed above, guidance systems contain the following components:

  • Databases for building, maintaining and maintaining the situation information,
  • Interfaces (partly real-time capable) to sensors, weapon systems and communication systems,
  • Planning aids that map military deployment procedures in the system (e.g. tools for calculating the optimal positioning of own units against a defined threat),
  • interactive, real-time display systems for the serving soldiers

history

With the triumph of computer technology, the military began to show an interest in this. Driven by ever shorter reaction times due to the ever faster threat from aircraft and missiles , the navy and the air force began with a step-by-step automation of their manually controlled weapons. Electromechanical fire control systems were already known, but they were not integrated into the process of preparing the situation, making decisions and using weapons.

In the 1950s, it was initially the US Navy that equipped its ships with computer-aided command systems, and shortly afterwards the air defense organization NADGE ( NATO Air Defense Ground Environment ). The individual units were connected with tactical data links such as Link 11 or Link 1 - an early form of networking.

In 1967, the Eilat incident , when a missile destroyer (not equipped with a guidance system) was sunk for the first time, accelerated development.

From the mid-1970s, command centers were also equipped with command systems, with the focus here mostly not on the automated use of weapons, but on comprehensive military information management (secret service information, deployment planning, logistics, communication). This form of a management system is now generally referred to as a management information system , also C4I (Command, Control, Communication, Consultation, Intelligence).

In the recent past, a comprehensive networking of command systems has been referred to as network centric warfare ( NCW ), in Germany also as NetOpFü (networked operations management).

Examples of management systems

literature

  • Don E. Gordon: Electronic warfare. Element of strategy and multiplier of combat power , Oxford, Washington DC, New York u. a. 1982, ISBN 0-08-027189-8 .
  • Rudolf Grabau: radio surveillance and electronic warfare. Basics, technology and processes , Stuttgart 1986, ISBN 3-440-05667-8 .
  • Rudolf Grabau: Technical Enlightenment. Sensors, systems and processes , Stuttgart 1989, ISBN 3-440-06044-6 .
  • Konrad Guthardt, Heinz Dörnenburg: Electronic battle. Historical development with examples from eight decades , Heidelberg 1986, ISBN 3-7785-1155-6 .
  • Josef Olischer: Electronic Warfare , Vienna 2003, ISBN 3-901183-27-2 .
  • Aleksandr I. Palij: Radio electronic fight. Means and methods of holding down and protecting radio electronic systems , 2nd edition, Berlin 1985.
  • Anthony M. Willcox, Michael G. Slade, Peter A. Ramsdale: Command control and communications , Oxford, Washington DC, New York a. a. 1983, ISBN 0-08-028332-2 .
  • FwDV 100 (fire brigade regulation 100) Edition: March 1999, management and management in action, management system ( digitalized online )

See also