Fang Yi

Fang Yi (1940s)

Fang Yi ( Chinese  方 毅 , W.-G. Fang I ; born February 26, 1916 in Xiamen , Fujian ; † October 20, 1997 in Beijing ) was a Chinese politician of the Communist Party of China (CCP) who, among others, between 1977 and was a member of the CCP Political Bureau in 1987 and Vice Prime Minister from 1978 to 1982. In addition, he served as director of the State Commission for Science and Technology from 1977 to 1984 and as president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences from 1979 to 1981 . He was also a State Council member of the State Council of the People's Republic of China between 1982 and 1988 and, most recently, Vice-Chairman of the Political Consultative Conference of the Chinese People from 1988 to 1993 .

Life

Fang Yi, who worked for the leading publishing house Commercial Press in Shanghai , joined the Chinese Communist Youth Association (KJVC) in 1930 and became a member of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in 1931 . In October 1934 he was one of the participants in the Long March and after arriving in Northern Shaanxi in 1935 he took on various administrative posts in the communist-controlled areas. After the founding of the People's Republic of China on October 1, 1949, he was first Vice-Governor of Fujian Province and then, in 1953, Vice-Minister of Finance. After the Indochina War , he was sent to North Vietnam in 1956 as an advisor for foreign aid and remained there until 1961. After his return in 1961, he became Deputy Chairman of the State Planning Commission and at the same time director of the Commission for External Economic Relations. In the course of the cultural revolution that began in 1966 , he was criticized and persecuted and did not take up his post as director of the Commission for External Economic Relations until November 14, 1968.

After on the IX. After the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution had been declared over at the Congress of the Communist Party of China (April 1 to 24, 1969), Fang was initially a candidate for the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CPC Central Committee ). On August 6, 1970 he became Minister of Foreign Economic Relations. At the 10th Congress (August 24-28, 1973) he became a member of the CCP Central Committee and was a member of this body after his re-election at the XI. Party Congress (12th to 18th August 1977) and the XII. Congress (September 1 to 12, 1982) until November 2, 1987. On the XI. On August 18, 1977, he became a member of the Politburo of the CCP and was also a member of this body after his re-election at the XII. Congress from September 12, 1982 to November 2, 1987. In September 1977 he took over the post of director of the State Commission for Science and Technology and held this position for seven years until he was replaced by Song Jian in September 1984. In 1978 he succeeded Guo Moruo, who died on June 12, 1978, as president of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and held this position until 1981, when Lu Jiaxi became his successor.

In 1978, Fang Yi was also appointed one of the Vice Prime Ministers and held this office until 1982. In January 1979, he also accompanied Vice Prime Minister Deng Xiaoping on his trip to the USA , where he conducted important negotiations on scientific and educational exchange . In the following years he completed similar exchange programs with France , the Federal Republic of Germany and other countries. Although he was not a trained scientist, he understood the importance of technological research as well as basic research and, during the negotiations, impressed western scientists with his far-reaching, deep knowledge. As Vice-Prime Minister and Director of the State Commission for Science and Technology, he was responsible for the program for the modernization of science and technology since 1979. He was convinced that China could compete with the West in 2000 if the “Four Modernizations” he wrote are well planned and carried out gradually. At the 5th plenum of the XII. On February 29, 1980, he also became a member of the CCP Central Committee Secretariat, of which he was also a member until September 12, 1982. For many years he was involved in the Calligraphic Association, of which he was honorary director between May 1981 and December 1991.

In 1982, Fang became a member of the State Council of the People's Republic of China as a State Councilor and was a member of the government until 1988. After he was on the XIII. Congress (October 25 to November 2, 1987) had not been re-elected as a member of the Politburo and the Central Committee, he last served from 1988 to March 1993 as Vice-Chairman of the Political Consultative Conference of the Chinese People .

Web links

• Entry in China Vitae
• Aiwu Song: Biographical Dictionary of the People's Republic of China , p. 78, McFarland, 2013, ISBN 0-7864-3582-8 ( online version )
• Entry in Rulers

Individual evidence

1. ^ Politburo: XI. Party Congress (August 12-18, 1977)
2. ↑ Politburo: XII. Party Congress (September 1 to 12, 1982)

Note: This article places the family name before the person's first name. This is the usual order in Chinese. Fang is the family name here, Yi is the first name.