Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration

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Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration (FMNR) is a reforestation technique . It was invented by the Australian agricultural economist Tony Rinaudo and developed in West Africa in the 1980s and 1990s. It is practiced in Niger , Chad , Burkina Faso , Ethiopia and Mali , among others . The technology is simple, inexpensive and has the potential to re-green entire regions and also to improve the standard of living of the population.

In Niger, 200 million trees were raised using this method, and in southern Ethiopia, 27 square kilometers of land have been reforested in the Humbo region. A total of 60,000 square kilometers of trees returned between 1983 and 2015. An expert from the World Resources Institute speaks of "probably the greatest environmental change in Africa in the last hundred years".

practice

FMNR is based on naturally existing living tree stumps, tree roots and seeds. These form new shoots , of which the strongest are favored in growth by cutting out. Although the stumps can appear dead, they offer great potential for rapid tree growth. In the Maradi region (Niger), the tree species Piliostigma reticulatum , Guiera senegalensis , Acacia albida , Annona senegalensis and Combretum glutinosum proved to be particularly suitable.

Advantages and limitations of the procedure

Advantages are:

  1. Growth of firewood and wood for personal use and sale
  2. Recultivation of degraded areas
  3. Harvest yields and animal husbandry are improving - trees provide shade, protecting against the sun and drying out the soil, and forests also produce fodder
  4. Biodiversity is increased
  5. Generating income from the sale of firewood and wood
  6. Improvement of the quality of life - forest protects against wind, weather and dust and improves the microclimate and provides shade
  7. The procedure is advertised through word of mouth from the farmers involved

The following restrictions are mentioned:

  1. Competition with conventional reforestation programs with new planting
  2. Still living tree stumps and saplings of suitable species must be present
  3. When there is a drought, numerous trees are used to obtain fodder, but the trees are easily restructured.
  4. In remote regions not so economically interesting, in case of a large shortage of firewood, the economic advantage is retained.
  5. traditional farming practices and some agricultural laws (prohibition of cutting down trees) need to be adapted

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Tony Rinaudo: The Development of Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration , September 24, 2008.
  2. ↑ Horand Knaup: Greening in the Sahel zone: Mister Rinaudo wants to stop the desert . Spiegel Online , June 18, 2012; accessed on September 25, 2018.
  3. ↑ Forest in the desert . Fluter , June 15, 2016; accessed on September 25, 2018.
  4. ↑ Kathleen Buckingham, Craig Hanson: The Restoration Diagnostic. Case Example: Humbo, Ethiopia. (PDF) World Resources Institute, accessed September 24, 2018 .
  5. ↑ God's forest maker . In: Die Welt , June 28, 2015.
  6. ↑ a b c P.J. Cunningham, T. Abasse: Reforesting the Sahel: Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration (PDF) first published in A. Kalinganire, A. Niang, A. Kone: Domestication des especes agroforestieres au Sahel: situation actuelle et perspectives. ICRAF Working Paper, ICRAF, Nairobi, 2005.