Fasti Capitolini

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Detail from the fasti consulares

As Fasti Capitolini one in is Rome inscription found with a list of Roman consuls called and generals. This list ( Latin fasti ), although only preserved in fragments, is one of the most important sources for the history of republican Rome, since the fasti are the only reference for some consulates.

discovery

The discovery in 1547 was accidental, allegedly when digging a kiln to burn lime on the square in front of the temple of Antoninus Pius and Faustina in the Roman Forum , marble tablets with lists of names were found. One quickly realized their importance. The fragments were recovered under the supervision of Cardinal Alessandro Farnese . It is said that Michelangelo was also involved in the excavation and restoration of the panels. They were initially brought to Cardinal Farnese's villa, but were soon handed over to the Roman people and placed in the Conservatory's Palace on the Capitol (hence the name) in Rome .

Two further fragments of the panels were discovered during an excavation on the forum in 1817/18.

content

The fragments of the tables do not make up a complete list, but show gaps. Strictly speaking, there are two lists, namely

  • the Fasti consulares on 4 panels with a list of all Roman consuls from 483 BC To 13 AD, and
  • the Fasti triumphales on 4 blinding pillars ( pilasters ) with a list of all generals who were until 19 BC A triumph had been granted.

The tablets were put up sometime during the reign of Augustus (31 BC to 14 AD). They may originally have been attached to one of the triumphal arches erected by Augustus . The assumption that the Fasti were in the so-called Regia , the offices of the high priest on the forum, where the annals were also stored, has been abandoned due to recent excavations.

The final editing of the text since Onofrio Panvinio the Verrius Flaccus attributed to a grammarian and archaeologist from the time of Augustus, the creator was a Roman festival calendar, Fasti Praenestini , which are also inscribed fragments were discovered.

See also

literature

  • Onofrio Panvinio : Fastorvm Libri V. Valgrisius, Venice 1558.
  • Atilius Degrassi: Fasti Consulares et Triumphales (= Inscriptiones Italiae. Vol. 13: Fasti et Elogia. Vol. 1). Libreria dello Stato - Istituto Poligrafico dello Stato, Rome 1947, pp. 1–142 and 346–571 (history of finds).
  • Atilius Degrassi: Fasti Capitolini. Recensuit, praefactus est, indicibus instruxit (= Corpus scriptorum Latinorum Paravianum. ). Paravia, Turin 1954.
  • Giulio Molisani: La Collezione Epigrafica dei Musei Capitolini. Le Iscrizioni greche e latine (= Studi e materiali del Museo dell'Impero Romano. No. 8, ZDB -ID 1055914-0 ). “L'Erma” di Bretschneider, Rome 1973, pp. 7–8.
  • Anna Bedon: La Realizzazione del Campidoglio Michelangiolesco all'Epoca di Sisto V e la Situazione Urbana della Zona Capitolina. In: Luigi Spezzaferro, Maria Elisa Tittoni (eds.): Il Campidoglio e Sisto V. Carte Segrete, Rome 1991, ISBN 88-85203-16-7 , pp. 76-83 (for the involvement of Michelangelo see in particular p. 76) .