Fcα receptor

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Immunoglobulin alpha Fc receptor
Immunoglobulin alpha Fc receptor
according to PDB  1OVZ
other names

CD89, FcαR

Existing structure data : PDB  1OW0 , PDB  1UCT

Properties of human protein
Mass / length primary structure 287 amino acids , 32,265 Da
Identifier
External IDs
Orthologue (human)
Entrez 2204
Ensemble ENSG00000186431
UniProt P24071
Refseq (mRNA) NM_002000.3
Refseq (protein) NP_001991.1
PubMed search 2204

Immunoglobulin-α-Fc receptor ( FcαR , synonym CD89 ) is a surface protein from the group of Fc receptors and is involved in the immune response in the mucous membranes .

properties

FcαR binds the Fc region of antibodies of the immunoglobulin A type . It occurs in different isoforms in different tissues (isoforms A.1, A.2 and A.3). Isoform A.1, A.2 and A.3 are produced by monocytes . Isoforms A.1 and A.2 occur in alveolar macrophages , but only one on the cell surface. In neutrophils , receptor binding leads to activation, the formation of cytokines and the secretion of NETs . FcαR is glycosylated . In the presence of some cytokines, the avidity of the FcαR for immunoglobulin A increases through external signal transduction . Furthermore , FCAR binds to FCGR1A .

Excessive activation can lead to immune pathogenesis , e.g. B. autoimmune IgA blistering diseases (a subtype of rheumatoid arthritis ) and ulcerative colitis .

Some pathogenic bacteria produce proteins for binding immunoglobolin A (e.g. protein A ) and thus for competitive inhibition of FcαR.

literature

  • JE Bakema, M. van Egmond: The human immunoglobulin A Fc receptor FcαRI: a multifaceted regulator of mucosal immunity. In: Mucosal immunology. Volume 4, number 6, November 2011, pp. 612-624, doi : 10.1038 / mi.2011.36 , PMID 21937986 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ MH Heineke, M. van Egmond: Immunoglobulin A: magic bullet or Trojan horse? In: European journal of clinical investigation. Volume 47, number 2, February 2017, pp. 184-192, doi : 10.1111 / eci.12716 , PMID 28024097 .
  2. ↑ AM Brandsma, SR Jacobino, S. Meyer, T. ten Broeke, JH Leusen: Fc receptor inside-out signaling and possible impact on antibody therapy. In: Immunological reviews. Volume 268, Number 1, November 2015, pp. 74-87, doi : 10.1111 / imr.12332 , PMID 26497514 .
  3. ↑ Morton HC, van den Herik-Oudijk IE, Vossebeld P, Snijders A, Verhoeven AJ, Capel PJ, van de Winkel JG: Functional association between the human myeloid immunoglobulin A Fc receptor (CD89) and FcR gamma chain. Molecular basis for CD89 / FcR gamma chain association . In: The Journal of Biological Chemistry . 270, No. 50, December 1995, pp. 29781-7. doi : 10.1074 / jbc.270.50.29781 . PMID 8530370 .
  4. ↑ E. Aleyd, MH Heineke, M. van Egmond: The era of the immunoglobulin A Fc receptor FcαRI; its function and potential as target in disease. In: Immunological reviews. Volume 268, Number 1, November 2015, pp. 123-138, doi : 10.1111 / imr.12337 , PMID 26497517 .
  5. ^ JM Woof: Immunoglobulins and their receptors, and subversion of their protective roles by bacterial pathogens. In: Biochemical Society transactions. Volume 44, Number 6, December 2016, pp. 1651-1658, doi : 10.1042 / BST20160246 , PMID 27913674 .