Felsen-Zwenke
| Stein-Zwenke | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Brachypodium rupestre | ||||||||||||
| (Host) Roem. & Schult. |
The Stein-Zwenke ( Brachypodium rupestre ), also called Rock-Zwenke , is a species of the Zwenken ( Brachypodium ) within the sweet grass family (Poaceae).
description
The Stein-Zwenke is a perennial grass that forms dense, yellow-green, dry gray-green lawns with numerous long underground foothills. The culms are 40-100 centimeters high, erect, glabrous or sometimes hairy under the nodes. The 3–4 nodes themselves are densely hairy. The ligule of the second uppermost stalk leaf is a 0.4–1.8 millimeter long, membranous border. The leaf blades of the renewal shoots are 18–45 centimeters long and 3–9 millimeters wide, they are spread flat or somewhat rolled up, overhanging and glabrous on both sides and shiny and light green on the underside. The flower cluster is 8–20 centimeters long, erect, with 6–10 erect or protruding spikelets. The spikelets are 8–20-flowered and 14–45 millimeters long without the awns. Of the glumes , the lower 3–6-nerved, 4.5–8 millimeters long, pointed, the upper 6–7-nerved and 6–10 millimeters long, pointed or tapering into a short awn. The lemmas are 5–7-nerved, 7.5–11 millimeters long, pointed and tapering into a 3–5 millimeter long straight awn. The palea are two-veined, 7–9 millimeters long and glabrous. The anthers are 5-6 millimeters long.
The flowering period is June to August.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 14, 18, 28 or 36.
distribution
The Stein-Zwenke comes from the north of the Iberian Peninsula via France and Belgium to southern England, in Germany, Switzerland, Austria, the Czech Republic, Italy, Corsica, Sicily, Malta, Slovenia, Croatia, Serbia, Albania, Greece, Romania, in the Crimea , in Turkey, Lebanon and Syria. In the Alps, the species rises in the Poschiavo to 2000 meters above sea level.
ecology
The Stein-Zwenke thrives mostly in semi-arid grasslands in societies of the Mesobromion and Cirsio-Brachypodion associations, but it also occurs in societies of the Erico-Pinion association and the Origanetalia order.
Taxonomy and systematics
The Stein-Zwenke was hosted by Nicolaus Thomas as Bromus rupestris in Icon. Descr. Grief. Austriac. 4: t. 17 (1809) first described. She was later used by Johann Jacob Römer and Joseph August Schultes as Brachypodium rupestre (host) Roem. & Schult. , Syst. Veg., Ed. 15 to 2: 736 (1817) placed in the genus Brachypodium . Synonyms of Brachypodium rupestre (Host) Roem. & Schult. are: Bromus cespitosus Host , Brachypodium cespitosum (Host) Roem. & Schult. , Brachypodium pinnatum var. Glabrum Rchb. and Brachypodium pinnatum subsp. rupestre (host) Schübler & G.Martens .
Some authors also distinguish between two subspecies:
- Brachypodium rupestre subsp. cespitosum (host) H. Scholz : According to Conert, these are graceful mountain plants from southern and central Europe. They have only short runners, stems up to 80 centimeters high and leaf blades up to 4 millimeters wide. The lowest 1–2 spikelets are sterile, the others are 8–10 flowered and 16–20 millimeters long. He does not assign them a systematic rank. According to Euro + Med, the subspecies occurs in Germany, Austria, Slovenia, Italy, Croatia, Russia, Armenia, Georgia and in the Caucasus.
- Brachypodium rupestre subsp. rupestre
literature
- Hans Joachim Conert: Brachypodium rupestre . In: Gustav Hegi : Illustrated flora of Central Europe . 3rd ed., Volume I, Part 3, pages 762-763. Verlag Paul Parey, Berlin, Hamburg, 1987. ISBN 3-489-52320-2 (description, distribution, ecology)
Individual evidence
- ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 218 .
- ↑ B.Valdés & H.Scholz; with contributions from E. von Raab-Straube & G. Parolly (2009): Poaceae (pro parte majore). Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. ( online )