Ferzende

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Rebels of the Ararat rebels. From left to right: Halis Öztürk , Ihsan Nuri Pascha and Hasenanlı Ferzende Bey

Ferzende or Ferzende Beg ( Kurdish : Ferzende Begê Hesenî , Turkish Hasenanlı Ferzende Bey ; † 1939 in Qasr-e Qajar prison in Tehran ) was a Kurdish fighter, politician and member of the Heseni tribe.

Life

Ferzende was the son of Suleiman Ahmed and Asiye. He took part in the Sheikh Said uprising of 1925 and fought in Malazgirt . After the uprising failed, he fled to Iran with 150 men . The Iranian government wanted the men to disarm. But when Ferzende refused, armed clashes broke out. Ferzende's father died during these fights. He himself was wounded. The survivors sought protection from Simko Schikak .

In 1927 he returned to Turkey and joined the Ararat uprising . He participated in many fights and acts of sabotage. In 1930 he was wounded in an attack on Taşburun. After the uprising was put down, he fled again across the border into Iran.

In 1931 fierce fighting broke out between Iranian government troops and the Kurds in the Maku area . Colonel Mohammad Ali Khan of the 2nd Brigade of the Azerbaijan Division and Colonel Kalb Ali Khan, who brought reinforcements from Tabriz and Ardabil , fought against the Kurds. On July 25, Colonel Kalb Ali Khan and three of four Kurdish leaders were killed in the fighting in Chaldiran . Ferzende was taken prisoner.

death

According to Osman Sebrî , Ferzende was poisoned in Choy prison in 1939. But according to a friend of Ferzende's wife Besra, Ferzende died in 1939 in Qasr-e Qajar prison in Tehran.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ rohat alakom: Hoybûn örgütü ve Ağrı ayaklanması. Avesta, 1998, ISBN 975-7112-45-3 , p. 180. Turkish
  2. ↑ Susan Meiselas, Martin van Bruinessen : Kurdistan: in the shadow of history. Random House, 1997, p. 142. English
  3. ↑ Celal Sayan: La construction de l'état national turc et le mouvement national kurde, 1918-1938. Presses universitaires du septentrion, 2002, p. 595. French
  4. ↑ Uğur Mumcu: Kürt dosyasi. Tekin Yayınevi, 1993, p. 140. Turkish
  5. ^ Mehmet Serif Fırat: Doğu illeri ve Varto Tarihi. Türk Kültürünü Araştırma Enstitüsü, 1983, p. 183. Turkish
  6. ↑ Great Britain Foreign Office: British documents on foreign affairs: reports and papers from the foreign office confidential print. From the first to the second world. Turkey, Iran, and the Middle-East, 1918-1939. The Allies take control, 1920-1921. University Publications of America, 1985, ISBN 0-89093-603-X , p. 180. English
  7. ^ Robert Michael Burrell: Iran: political diaries, 1881-1965. 1931-1934. Archive Editions, 1997, ISBN 1-85207-710-7 , p. 186. English
  8. ↑ Great Britain Foreign Office: ibid. P. 252. English
  9. ↑ Osman Sebri: Agiri. In: Hawar. No. 36, 1941. Kurdish
  10. ↑ Kemal Süphandağ: Ağrı direnişi ve Haydaranlılar. Fırat Yayınları, 2001, p. 320. Turkish
personal data
SURNAME Ferzende
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ferzende Beg (also); Ferzende Begê Hesenî (Kurdish); Hasenanlı Ferzende Bey (Turkish)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Kurdish tribal leader and rebel
DATE OF BIRTH 19th century or 20th century
DATE OF DEATH 1939
Place of death Qasr-e Qajar prison, Tehran