Wet meadow doll snail

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Wet meadow doll snail
Wet meadow pupa snail (Pupilla pratensis)

Wet meadow pupa snail ( Pupilla pratensis )

Systematics
Subordination : Land snails (Stylommatophora)
Superfamily : Pupilloidea
Family : Doll snails
Genre : Pupilla
Subgenus : Pupilla
Type : Wet meadow doll snail
Scientific name
Pupilla pratensis
( Clessin , 1871)

The wet meadow pupa snail ( Pupilla pratensis ) is a type of snail from the family of the pupa snail , which belongs to the subordination of the land snail (Stylommatophora). The taxon originally published as a variety was only recognized or recognized as a separate species in 2009. Before, it was mostly interpreted as the eco-phenotype of the moss pupa snail ( Pupilla muscorum ).

features

The barrel-shaped, cylindrical to slightly egg-shaped housing is 3.5 to 4.5 mm high and 1.9 to 2.1 mm wide. It has a rounded tip and a flat apex. The 6 to 7.5 whorls are well arched on the periphery and separated from each other by a deep seam. The last turn rises very clearly towards the mouth and can reach the periphery of the previous turn. The rounded mouth is small compared to its width. The attachment points of the edge of the mouth to the previous turn are not connected by a callus. The edge of the mouth is only slightly enlarged and bent outwards. The inside of the lip is poorly developed. the mouth is mostly toothless, but occasionally with a weak parietal tooth and occasionally also with a more or less clearly developed palatal tooth. A weak palatal callus is often present.

The case is dark brown to maroon colored and translucent. The shell is quite thin compared to other types of pupae snail. The surface shows fine growth streaks.

Similar species

The wet meadow pupa snail ( Pupilla pratensis ) is the moss pupa snail and can hardly be differentiated from a morphological point of view. In addition, the housing varies within the distribution area. Molecular genetic, ecological and housing morphological characteristics together, however, allow a reliable distinction between the two species. is slightly larger (higher) and wider than the moss pupa snail ( Pupilla muscorum ) and has more and usually more arched coils with deeper seams. It has a thinner, darker skin, and the growth strips are somewhat coarser than those of Pupilla muscorum . The mouth lip is somewhat weaker. The mouth teeth are usually weaker in pupilla pratensis and are attached directly to the housing wall, not from a callus, as is sometimes the case with pupilla muscorum . Especially in specimens of Pupilla pratensis from Scandinavia, the teeth are often completely missing.

The shell of the alpine pupa snail ( Pupilla alpicola ) can also be very similar. Both cases are relatively wide. However, the pupilla alpicola is lower and more cylindrical, and the apex is significantly shallower. This species also has a distinct groove on the outside near the mouth about a quarter from the base. A narrow longitudinal back is formed in the interior of the housing at this point. Presumably the older lowland records of Pupilla alpicola actually relate to Pupilla pratensis .

Geographical distribution and habitat

The wet meadow pupa snail has so far been found in Central Europe and Scandinavia (Norway). It may also be found in the UK. 2010 was detected for the first time in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Proof of this followed in Lithuania in 2011. In 2012, a find from southern Poland was announced. In 2013 a record from Ukraine was published and also in 2013 a record from the Scottish Highlands .

The wet meadow snail lives in open, wet, lime-rich bog locations on wet meadows and reeds.

Taxonomy

The taxon was proposed by Stephan Clessin in 1871 as Pupa muscorum var. Pratensis . In most of the studies that followed, it was viewed as the shape, variety, or mutation of the moss pupa snail. Even in the overview of the snail fauna of Central and Northern Europe (Kerney et al., 1983) the species is still missing. It was not until 1997 that the taxon received greater attention again through a work by Uwe Jueg. In 2009 the taxon was also formally established as an independent species. The taxon is now widely recognized.

Danger

In the red list of threatened species in Germany, the species is classified in the category "R - extremely rare".

supporting documents

literature

  • Uwe Jueg: Pupilla muscorum (Linnaeus 1758) in the NSG 'Klädener Plage' (Mecklenburg- West Pomerania, Parchim district) - a contribution to the ecology, housing morphology and systematics of the species (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Pupillidae). Malacological treatises. State Museum for Animal Science Dresden, 18: 277–285.
  • Jürgen H. Jungbluth and Dietrich von Knore: Trivial names of land and freshwater mollusks in Germany (Gastropoda et Bivalvia). Mollusca, 26 (1): 105-156, Dresden 2008, ISSN  1864-5127 (p. 116)
  • Francisco W. Welter-Schultes: European non-marine molluscs, a guide for species identification = identification book for European land and freshwater mollusks. A1-A3 S., 679 S., Q1-Q78 S., Planet Poster Ed., Göttingen 2012, ISBN 3-933922-75-5 , ISBN 978-3-933922-75-5 (hereinafter Welter-Schultes, Identification book, page number)
  • Vollrath Wiese: Germany's land snails. 352 p., Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2014 ISBN 978-3-494-01551-4 (hereinafter meadow, land snails, page number)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ted von Proschwitz: Three land-snail species new to the Norwegian fauna: Pupilla pratensis (Clessin, 1887), Vertigo ultimathule von Proschwitz, 2007 and Balea sarsii Philippi, 1847 (= Balea heydeni von Maltzan, 1881). Fauna norvegica, 30: 3-9, Trondheim 2010.
  2. Jump up ↑ Michal Horsák, Jana Škodová, Jan Myšák, Tomáš Čejka, Vojen Ložek, Jaroslav Č. Hlaváč: Pupilla pratensis (Gastropoda: Pupillidae) in the Czech Republic and Slovakia and its distinction from P. muscorum and P. alpicola based on multidimensional analysis of shell measurements. Biologia, 65 (6): 1012-1018, 2010 PDF
  3. ↑ Digna Pilāte Arturs Stalažs Edgars Dreijers: Pupilla pratensis (Clessin, 1871) - new snail species in fauna of Latvia. 6th International conference "Research and conservation of biological diversity in the Baltic Region", Daugavpils (Latvia), April 28-29, 2011, Book of abstracts, p. 45
  4. ↑ Michal Horsák, V. Schenková, Jan Myšák: The second site of Pupilla alpicola (Charpentier, 1837) and the first recent record of Pupilla pratensis (Clessin, 1871) in Poland. Folia Malacologica, 20 (1): 21-26, 2012
  5. ↑ Igor Balashov: The first finding of Pupilla pratensis for Ukraine in the Crimean Mountains with remarks on its conservation status and differences from Pupilla muscorum. Ruthenica, 23 (2): 181-185, 2013 PDF
  6. ↑ Alistair Munro: Snail size of grain of rice found in Highlands. The Scotsman, September 5, 2013
  7. ^ Stephan Clessin: The mollusc fauna of the area around Augsburg. Report of the Natural History Association in Augsburg , 21: 81-126, 1871 Online at www.biodiversitylibrary.org (p. 101)
  8. ↑ Michael P. Kerney, RAD Cameron & Jürgen H. Jungbluth: The land snails of Northern and Central Europe. 384 pp., Paul Parey, Hamburg & Berlin 1983, ISBN 3-490-17918-8
  9. ↑ Fauna Europaea
  10. ↑ Welter-Schultes, Identification Book, p. 131.
  11. ↑ a b Wiese, Landschnecken, p. 106.

Web links

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