Executioner's House (Stralsund)
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The building complex with the postal addresses Filterstraße 2a and Filterstraße 2b is a listed building on Filterstraße in Stralsund , on the corner of Papenstraße . It dates from the 13th century and is named after its typical inhabitant and user, a medieval executioner , the executioner 's house.
location
The executioner's house in Filterstrasse is part of the core area of the historical old towns of Stralsund and Wismar , which was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2002 . It is entered in the list of architectural monuments in Stralsund with the numbers 191 and 192.
description
The two-storey building section No. 2b on the corner of Papenstrasse was first mentioned in a document in 1289. The house was the home and workplace of the executioner.
The three-storey part of the building no. 2a, also known as the tower house , was added to the house in 1412 and was only accessible via this.
Both parts of the building were rebuilt several times, but the medieval structure was retained. The vaulted cellars, which probably served as a prison, have been preserved. Likewise with is aperture structured Look gable on the north side of the narrow tower house preserved.
history
The executioner's house served the executioner of the city of Stralsund as a residence, it was first mentioned in 1842. It was still inhabited until 1982. It has been renovated in sections since 1990. A complete historical study has not yet taken place (as of 2015), which is why the following description is partially incomplete.
Three construction phases are assumed: Around 1310 a fire wall was built between the two parts of the building. According to Luebian building law , such a fire wall had to be erected jointly by both neighbors in new buildings between the houses. The year is based on the occurrence of similar stone material in the city scales at the Stralsund town hall , which was completed in 1321.
What the first houses built there looked like is not known. In the year 1288 the executioner's house called bodelye (also called Fronerei) was mentioned in the Stralsund town books. In 1307 the location was also mentioned there: The arta platea apud domum preconis (German: apartment of a herald in a narrow street ). For a long time this was the name of today's Papenstrasse between Filterstrasse and Ossenreyerstrasse .
In the years 1465, 1560 and 1680 the fronerei was rebuilt after it was destroyed by fire. When the corner house was rebuilt in 1680, the wall was largely demolished, but an imprint of the entire wall was imprinted on the tower house.
The adjoining house was first described in 1412 when the city had a prison built here. The last Stralsund executioner died in 1841. In 1848 the covering shop, which was still in operation here, was relocated at the request of the residents. The house was purchased from butcher master Lau and converted into residential use. Other owners made various structural changes, such as installing doors.
In 1984 the private citizen Günter Stange bought house No. 2a, threatened by decay and demolition, for 2,500 GDR marks , which began with the renovation. During the restoration work between 1986 and 1990, the gable was also restored.
description
The stone house had an outer wall thickness of one meter on each of the three floors and had only a few windows; these served more for ventilation than for the view. The rooms were furnished differently and evidently served the appropriate custody of the inmates.
The executioner's house itself was mainly used for the custody and alimentation of the prisoners as well as their torture.
The punishments imposed were honor punishments (e.g. pillory ), corporal punishments (e.g. scourging or whipping, Latin fustigatio) and life punishments [meaning the death penalty], for example by beheading, cycling or hanging. Places of jurisdiction were the old market , the new market (e.g. at the Papenbrand thom Sunde ), the Galgenberg, Koeppenberg or Garbodenhagen.
The Stralsund executioners or Fronen
The executioner, or Fron, called noster prateo , was first mentioned in the city registers in 1278 . In chronological order followed by name:
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literature
- Dietmar Volksdorf, Gunnar Möller, Jens Christian Holst: Das Scharfrichterhaus von Stralsund , Stralsund memorials series 1, Stralsund 2004
- Friederike Thomas, Dietmar Volksdorf: The old town island Stralsund - Illustrated list of monuments. The architectural monuments of the old town in text and images. Edited by the building authority of the Hanseatic city of Stralsund. Self-published, Stralsund 1999, DNB 987697757 , p. 25.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Information about the executioner's house on the explanation board for the building complex: Paths to the brick Gothic ; seen and photographed in July 2018.
Coordinates: 54 ° 18 ′ 46 ″ N , 13 ° 5 ′ 28 ″ E