Flaky-stalked radish felling

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Flaky-stalked radish felling
Leveroma sinapizans.JPG

Flaky-stalked Radish Felling ( Hebeloma sinapizans )

Systematics
Class : Agaricomycetes
Subclass : Agaricomycetidae
Order : Mushroom-like (Agaricales)
Family : Hymenogastraceae
Genre : Fels ( Leveroma )
Type : Flaky-stalked radish felling
Scientific name
Leveroma sinapizans
( Paulet ) Gillet

The toxic Flockigstielige Radish Fälbling ( Hebeloma sinapizans ) is a species of fungus from the family of Hymenogastraceae. The fruiting bodies appear from August to October preferentially in mixed beech and mixed beech forests. The mushroom is also known as the Greater Radish Fälbling or Bitter Fälbling .

features

Macroscopic features

The fleshy hat is 7–12 (–15) ​​cm wide, more or less arched, but often also irregularly hunched or lobed. It is clay-brown to pale flesh-brown, rust-colored or clay-colored. The surface is smooth, a bit greasy when wet and otherwise dry. The often lighter colored edge remains rolled up for a long time and is not grooved and without velum .

The rather crowded and deeply bulged lamellae are initially pale (but never purely whitish) and darken as they mature. They are soon colored from milk coffee brown to meat ocher. They do not tear and their edges of the same color are jagged. The spore powder is rusty brown.

The whitish, strongly coarse and cylindrical stem is 5–10 (–12) cm long and 1–2.5 cm wide. It is hollow, ringless and finely flaky or whitish-scaled over its entire length on a whitish background. The often bulbous thickened base is about 2–3 cm thick. In the longitudinal section, a cone-shaped pin protrudes from the meat of the hat into the hollow handle. The whitish, bitter-tasting meat is quite thick and smells strongly of radish.

Microscopic features

The almond-shaped and blackened ornamented spores are 10–13 (–15) ​​µm long and 6.5–8.5 µm wide and have a papillary apiculus . The short and relatively thick cystids are bottle-shaped and the cheilocystids are often bulbous in the lower part.

Species delimitation

The more common Pale Fälbling ( Hebeloma crustuliniforme ) looks very similar . It is a little lighter in color and has watery lamellae, which are spotty brown due to the falling out spores. The cystidia are not thickened in the lower part of these falses. The clay pale Fälbling is more likely to be found outside the forest, e.g. B. in parks.

Also very similar, but much rarer, is the cocoa fake ( Hebeloma theobrominum ). It is also smaller and more red-brown in color. Its full (not hollow) stem is neither bulbous nor flaky at the base. Its meat smells slightly cocoa-like. The fungus prefers to grow in coniferous forests.

Ecology and diffusion

The fruiting bodies of the flaky-stalked radish falsetto appear from August to October preferentially in deciduous forests. It particularly likes to grow with European beeches, less often with other deciduous trees. It is therefore mostly found in beech and mixed beech forests, and in the mountains also in beech / fir forests. The fungus prefers soils rich in lime and bases. The radish falsification is frequent at least in places, but in some places it is declining.

Systematics

Etymology: "Sinapizans" means "mustard-like" and is derived from the Latin word "sinapis" (= mustard). The mustard-like smell and pungent taste can be found in many species of the cruciferous plant family (Brassicaceae). It is caused by mustard oil glycosides , the family-specific ingredients that are also responsible for the sharp radish smell and taste.

meaning

The flaky-stalked radish felling is poisonous. It creates indigestion.

swell

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Karl Soop, Bálint Dima, János Gergő Szarkándi, Jerry Cooper, Tamás Papp: Psathyloma, a new genus in Hymenogastraceae Described from New Zealand . In: Mycologia . tape 108 , no. 2 , March 2016, ISSN  0027-5514 , p. 397-404 , doi : 10.3852 / 15-143 .
  2. ↑ a b c d Marcel Bon : Parey's book of mushrooms . Kosmos, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-440-09970-9 , pp. 228 (English: The mushrooms and tools of Britain and Northwestern Europe . Translated by Till R. Lohmeyer).
  3. ↑ a b c d e Ewald Gerhardt: Mushrooms. Volume 1: Lamellar mushrooms, pigeons, milklings and other groups with lamellas (=  spectrum of nature / BLV intensive guide ). BLV, Munich / Vienna / Zurich 1984, ISBN 3-405-12927-3 , p. 244 .
  4. ↑ a b c Karin Monday: Large radish falsing Hebeloma sinapizans In the virtual mushroom book. In: [1] . Retrieved September 20, 2013 .

Web links

Commons : Hebeloma sinapizans  - album with pictures, videos and audio files
  • Flaky-stalked radish felling. In: Funghi in Italia / funghiitaliani.it. Retrieved September 20, 2013 (Italian, Gute Fotos vom Flockigstieligen Radich-Fälbling).