River baths in Leipzig
There were river baths in Leipzig on the Elster , Pleiße , Parthe and Luppe rivers . From the end of the 18th to the 20th century, more than 25 of these institutions existed in the city and in the incorporated suburbs .
history
When bathing in the Leipzig rivers became increasingly popular in the second half of the 18th century, the city council issued bathing regulations in 1784 to contain the associated dangers, which can be seen as the official start of Leipzig river baths. Three safe bathing areas were designated, the boundaries of which were marked by stone pillars. They were located on the Elstermühlgraben at the Rosental , on the Pleiße near the Gohliser Mühle and on the Alte Pleiße near the Saubrücke. In 1809 a fourth point was added on the Parthe in the direction of Schönefeld . Outside these places, bathing was only permitted under the supervision of a fisherman .
In the 19th century, in addition to the previous bathing areas, river baths were built that offered more comfort. Most of the time the entire area was bordered by boards and wooden fences. The bathing area was usually visibly separated from the open water. Stairs led to the swimmer and non-swimmer areas, which were separated from each other by floating beams. The bank edge of the bath was often covered with planks and there were diving boards and towers. There were also roofed wooden changing facilities and toilets. Some river baths were built in early summer and dismantled in autumn.
Some of these baths were built and operated by private individuals. In 1844, for example, the pharmacist Ludwig August Neubert took over the “bathing and swimming facility” that Otto von Corvin had built two years earlier. The four Leipzig mills also took part in the bathing business and in some cases even created covered bathing facilities in their mill ditch.
The structural intervention in the course of the rivers as well as the increasing industrialization of Leipzig and the associated pollution of the rivers meant, apart from the constant change in the range of river baths, in the first third of the 20th century the final end of the Leipzig river baths in favor of river-independent outdoor pools.
Neubert's bathing and swimming facility around 1860
The bath at the Nonnenmühle around 1890
The Schönefeld community pool around 1905
The river bath in Lindenau
around 1910
The Elsterbad Kleinzschocher around 1920
Bath at the Elster flood basin around 1930
List of river baths
| Surname | Location (today's street names) | Usage time (mostly approx.) | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Elsterbad am Rosental | on the Elstermühlgraben, near today's Fregesteg | 1784-1860 | approx. 136 m bank length, marked by stone pillars |
| Pleissebad | on the Parthe (formerly called Pleiße here), near Möckernschen Strasse | 1784-1840 | Approx. 85 m long bank strip, stone pillar marking |
| Sauweidenbad on the Alte Pleiße | south of today's racecourse, Schleußiger Weg | 1784-1860 | approx. 400 m bank area marked with stone pillars |
| Parthe pool behind the Gerberwasser | on the Parthe southwest of the street Am Gothischen Bad / Brandenburger Strasse | 1809-1840 | 85 m bank length, stone pillar marking |
| Tanner bath | on an arm of the Parthe east of Gerberstrasse | 1830-1855 | Access only through a house belonging to the Gerberinnung |
| Student bath | Headland at the confluence of the Elster and Parthe rivers | 1870–? | frequent swimming accidents due to vortex formation at the river mouth |
| Military bath | on the right bank of the Elster south of the Heuwegbrücke | 1877-1914 | only approved for soldiers, later relocated to the Auensee |
| Bath in Gerhard's garden | at the White Elster at the western end of Gerhard's garden , | 1836–? | Timber construction with Blick screen walls, floor adjustable depending on the water level, changing rooms |
| Bath at the Angermühle | at Elstermühlgraben, Jahnallee / corner of Jacobstraße | 1842-1859 | Electricity and wave pool in the river, shower and rain bath in the house above the river |
| Bath at the barefoot mill | at Pleißemühlgraben , Dittrichring / Käthe-Kollwitz-Straße | 1850-1898 | Bath cells |
| Bath at the Thomasmühle | at Pleißemühlgraben, Dittrichring / Gottschedstraße | 1840-1869 | Electricity and wave pools in buildings over the water |
| Bathing establishment to the Nonnenmühle | at Pleißemühlgraben, Harkort- / Karl-Tauchnitz-Straße | 1845-1890 | wooden planked bathroom cells over the river within a wooden beam frame |
| Neubert's bathing and swimming facility | at Elstermühlgraben, Elster- / Carl-Maria-von-Weber-Straße | 1842-1865 | Bath house (designed by Otto von Corvin ), two-story diving tower, demarcation by catwalks, changing rooms, baths |
| Handel's bath | on the Parthe, now the track area south of the Brandenburg Bridge | 1853-1906 | from 1891 115 × 18 m pool with desludged river water, only for men, diving tower, individual and communal changing rooms, sunbathing lawn, dog bath, ticket booth |
| Gothic bath | on the Parthe, Rackwitzer Strasse / Adenauerallee | 1878-1891 | Bathhouse in neo-Gothic style, men's and women's baths, sunbathing lawns, children's playground, bowling alley, dance hall |
| Community river pool Schönefeld | Left bank of the Parthe opposite the current summer pool | 1888-1929 | Men's and women's baths, diving boards, showers, swimming school, 101 changing rooms, changing room, from 1909 also light and sunbathing, most recently water deterioration |
| Wilhelmsbad | at the crossing of the Parthe by the Volbedingstrasse | 1876-1889 | Total area only 80 m², including the Wilhelmsbad restaurant |
| Mockau river bath in the Parthe | on the Parthe, north of Hilligerstrasse | 1910–? | Bathing houses for changing, meadows |
| Abtnaundorfer Flussbad | on the Parthe in Abtnaundorfer Park | 1800–? | Bathing house, initially only for the Frege family that owned the castle, from around 1900 open to the public |
| Lindenau river bath | at the Kleine Luppe , on the western edge of the Palmengarten | 1881-1940 | 1700 m² bathing area, swimmer and non-swimmer section, diving boards, separate cell bath, three-storey wooden changing room for 700 people |
| Elsterbad Möckern | right bank of the Elster, near Reunigstrasse | 1868-1897 | Basin surrounded by wooden platforms, closed due to poor water quality, then a new bath on the opposite side of the river, this one until 1945 |
| Bathing establishment of the Association for People's Health Gohlis | next to the suspension bridge over the Parthe am Rosental | 1926-1936 | 80 m of the river, 3 steps, shower, toilet, sunbathing area |
| Kleinzschocher river pool | left bank of the Elster next to Limburger Steg | 1900-1930 | 220 m bathing shore, 2 m diving platform, wooden planks in the bathing area, open changing rooms |
| Großzschocher community pool | between the old Mühlgraben and Elster, now allotment gardens on the bathing path | 1904-1945 | approx. 800 m² on the Elstermühlgraben, secured by wooden beams, initially separated, later family bathroom |
| Knauthain river pool | at Knauthainer Elstermühlgraben, near Cocciusstraße | 1903-1936 | 40 × 6 m, up to 2 m deep, entry ladder, 1 m springboard, children's crawling pool, toilets, changing rooms |
| Flussbad Knautkleeberg (Festner bathing establishment) | at Knauthainer Mühlgraben, street Am krummen Graben (formerly Knautnaundorfer Mühle) | 1908-1931 | Built by the Festner family, 45 m² bathing area, access stairs, wooden bank reinforcement, from 1915 bath house |
| Dölitz river swimming pool | at the former Pleißenwehr, today agra-Park, intersection B2 / Mühlpleiße | 1910-1917 | seasonal bank reinforcement, annual desludging |
| Connewitz river pool | on the right bank of the Pleißen, in the forest area Der Apitzsch | 1916-1926 | 300 m² bathing area, men's and women's baths separated by a picket fence, access ladders covered changing facilities, from 1927 onwards at the same place in Connewitz Waldbad. |
| Bathing establishment at the Zeppelin Bridge | East bank of the Elster flood basin north of the Zeppelin Bridge (Jahnallee) | 1925-1935 | 500 m² bathing area, row with 40 semi-open changing rooms with 600 coat hooks, free entry |
literature
- Förderverein Sächsisches Sportmuseum Leipzig eV (Hrsg.): Leipzig goes swimming - from Pleißestrand to Neuseenland. PRO LEIPZIG 2004, ISBN 978-3-936508-06-2 , pp. 18-45
- Horst Riedel: Stadtlexikon Leipzig from A to Z . PRO LEIPZIG, Leipzig 2005, ISBN 3-936508-03-8 , p. 37
Remarks
- ↑ Parthe river here today
