Fonte (music theory)
Fonte ( Italian fonte 'fountain' ) describes a two-part sequence in music theory , the first part of which closes in the key of the second degree of a major key and is then repeated (varied) in this main key , i.e. one second lower. The sentence model is a prominent element of 18th century European music.
The term comes from Joseph Riepel , who introduces the sentence model in the second volume of his Beginnings for Musical Typesetting (1755) alongside the sentence models Monte and Ponte, which he describes as a common means of designing the beginning of the second recapitulation of a minuet and emphasizes it with emphasis ( Now you have to remember these dreyerley examples as long as you live and are healthy ”). Riepel's sheet music samples mostly only contain upper parts; In the following note example, a bass is added to his first example of a fonte to illustrate the implicit harmony:
Repertoire example
Antonio Vivaldi : Violin Concerto in A minor, Op. 3 No. 6, RV 356, 1st movement, 1st solo episode , mm. 15-21:
variant
If the second member articulates its variant key instead of the major major key , Riepel speaks disparagingly of a "hermaphrodite":
An example of this variant can be found in: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart , Piano Sonata in A major KV 331 , Menuetto , T. 19-27.
Sources and literature (chronological)
- Joseph Riepel: Basic rules for tone order in general . Frankfurt and Leipzig 1755 ( online ).
- Joseph Riepel: Explanation of the deceptive tone order . Augsburg 1765 ( online ).
- Stefan Eckert: “So, you want to write a Minuet?” - Historical Perspectives in Teaching Theory . In: Music Theory Online 11/2 (2005) ( online ).
- Robert Gjerdingen: Music in the Galant Style . Oxford University Press, Oxford 2007, ISBN 978-0-19-531371-0 .
- Folker Froebe: On Synergies of Schema Theory and Theory of Levels. A Perspective from Riepel's Fonte and Monte . In: Journal of the Society for Music Theory 12/1 (2015), pp. 9–25 ( online) .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Riepel 1765, p. 24: “[…] the same as the Monte rises a tone - so the Fonte , as you know, rises a tone; the first term turns into the second and tertz minor , and the second term into the main tone tertz major . "
- ↑ See u. a. Gjerdingen 2007, chap. 4th
- ↑ Riepel 1755, pp. 43f.
- ↑ Riepel 1755, p. 103.