Football (sport)
Football is the generic term for different types of sports ( English : codes of football ) that have developed from the early forms of football and rugby .
In the Anglo-Saxon language area, the word usually stands for a certain sport, mostly the local variant. In British English, "football" means football. On the other hand, there is rugby with the oval ball carried, which is sometimes included under the term rugby football with the term football . The internationally unmistakable name is association football . Soccer football or soccer for short is derived from this , under which the sport is mainly known in North America, but also in some other countries. The term football traditionally stands for American football orCanadian football in the USA and Canada, for rugby union in New Zealand, and for rugby league and Australian football in Australia. Internationally, however, there is a tendency that soccer is increasingly being displaced by football in everyday language . In 2005, for example, the Australian Association changed its name from Soccer Association to Football Association , followed in 2006 by the New Zealand Association.
Kicking the ball is not the predominant action in all football sports. One hypothesis about the etymology of the word is that "foot ball" generally meant " ball sports played on foot, " as distinct from sports that were performed on horseback. Another hypothesis is that football refers to the length of an oval game ball (one foot ).
variants
In German, football is associated with these sports:
-
Gridiron Football
- American football in the USA, also called tackle football as a distinction to flag football .
- Canadian Football in Canada
- Arena football as an indoor sport
- Flag football as a low-contact variant
- Rugby football
- Australian football in Australia
- Gaelic Football in Ireland
Differences between football and rugby sports
Rugby union | 7-a-side rugby | Rugby league | American football | Canadian football | Australian football | International Rules Football | Gaelic football | Soccer | Futsal | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of players | 15th | 7th | 13 | 11 | 12 | 18th | 15th | 15th | 11 | 6th |
of which in a crowd (scrum) or scrimmage | 8 (3-4-1) | 3 | 6 (3-2-1) | (at least) 7 | (at least) 7 | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ |
ball | (rotational) elliptical ( rugby ball ) |
(rotational) elliptical ( rugby ball ) |
(rotational) elliptical ( rugby ball ) |
(rotational) elliptical with pointed ends ( football ) |
(rotational) elliptical with pointed ends ( football ) |
(rotational) elliptical (like rugby ball ) |
spherical | spherical | spherical | spherical |
matchfield | rectangular | rectangular | rectangular | rectangular | rectangular | elliptical | rectangular | rectangular | rectangular | rectangular (hall) |
Goal (Mal, Goal) | H-shaped | H-shaped | H-shaped | fork-shaped | fork-shaped | 4 posts | H-shaped + 2 posts (below net) | H-shaped (below net) | 2 posts with crossbar (full of net) | 2 posts with crossbar (full of net) |
Rating | Try 5 | Try 5 | Try 4 | Touchdown 6 | Touchdown 6 | Goal 6 | Goal 6 | Goal 3 | Goal 1 | Goal 1 |
Increase (conversion) 2 | Increase (conversion) 2 | Conversion 2 | Point after touchdown 1 | Kick after touchdown 1 | Behind 1 | Behind 1 | Point 1 | Penalty (penalty) 1 | Penalty (penalty) 1 | |
Penalty kick 3 | Penalty kick 3 | Penalty 2 | Two-point conversion 2 | Field Goal 3 | Over 3 | |||||
Drop kick 3 | Drop kick 1 | Field Goal 3 | Safety 2 | |||||||
Safety 2 | Rouge Point 1 | |||||||||
allowed ball transport | wear | wear | wear | wear | wear | bounce | carry (tap the floor at least every 10 steps) | carry (tap the floor at least every 10 steps) | to step | to step |
fit backwards | fit backwards | fit backwards | fit | fit | fisted | fit | fit | bounce (any part of the body except arm ) | bounce (any part of the body except arm ) | |
to step | to step | to step | kick (punt) | kick (punt, dribble) | to step | to step | to step | |||
Ball transport not permitted | pass / throw forward | pass / throw forward | pass / throw forward | ✘ | ✘ | fit, throw | wear | wear | fit, throw, carry | fit, throw, carry |
Tackle | only player in possession of the ball | only player in possession of the ball | only player in possession of the ball | all players | all players | only player in possession of the ball | only player in possession of the ball | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ |
Continuation of the game after the end of the game | Alley (line out) | Alley (line out) | Scrum | Scrimmage | Scrimmage | Boundary throw-in (by referee) or free kick | Free kick out of hand | Free kick out of hand | Throw-in | One kick |
Ball possession changes automatically | ✘ | ✘ | after 6 consecutive tackles | after 4 downs if no 10 yd space gain | after 3 downs if no 10 yd space gain | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ |
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Soccer to become football in Australia , SMH.com.au, December 17, 2004.