Frais
The Frais ( dialect Fraisch ) is a small area at the foot of the 939 meter high Tillenberg in today's Tirschenreuth and Okres Cheb district on the border between Bavaria and the Czech Republic .
Etymology and meaning of the name
The expression Frais (Fraisch, Fraiß) comes from the Old High German vreislich (painful, frightening). In the Holy Roman Empire , a Fraiss was an area in which the owner of a manorial lordship , the Frais lord, had jurisdiction over his subordinate farmers and the Fraiss, the tithe of the earned income, had to be delivered to him. The blood judiciary , a jurisprudence over life and death, the so-called blood ban , was based on the records of a Fraiss book and included the ius primae noctis . The old high German vreislich is also contained in the folk medical collective term of the Fraisen , the epilepsy of a person. For this purpose, Fraisenketten , a kind of amulet collection to hang around, and free shirts were used against the complaints of those affected until modern times .
history
In the Frais area with subjects of the city of Eger and the Waldsassen monastery , there were special ownership and judicial conditions. Originally the Egerland was a unified area, but after the dissolution of the Northern Gau it split into two different areas of interest and rulership, the Stiftland of the Waldsassen Monastery and the property of the city of Eger in western Bohemia . Both the town of Eger and the Waldsassen monastery owned and acquired property with overlapping legal relationships and constant bitter disputes over jurisdiction, feudal systems , taxes, levies, conscripts, church patronage , right of way, markets, hunting, fishing and brewing rights in the area of the other , which up to stopped in 1591.
Interim recess of 1591
With the border and jurisdiction treaty dated September 23, 1591, an agreement between the city of Eger and the Waldsassen monastery was reached in the town hall in Eger , which was valid until 1862. In the mixed and unmixed villages of Hardeck, Maiersreuth, Mugl, Schachten , Boden , Altalbenreuth and Neualbenreuth , Querenbach and Gosel, which belonged to the lordship and the monastery court at Hardeck Castle, the higher court, the jurisdiction and the income from the farmers subject to interest changed annually between the city of Eger and the Waldsassen monastery.
The change of jurisdiction was announced annually in June on the market square in Neualbenreuth. Actually, the regulation should only be temporary, but it was valid until the contracts of Munich on July 20, 1846 and the Vienna contract of June 24, 1862, with which the condominium was again divided. In 1848, the peasants' exemption from inheritance also came to an end to feudal rule in the Frais in the Tirschenreuth district and in the Egerland.
Vienna Treaty of 1862
In 1846 the Eger subjects in Neualbenreuth - at that time paying interest (fraisten) there 49 houses to Eger, 62 houses to the Waldsassen monastery - were incorporated into the Kingdom of Bavaria . The parish, the church and the local school then remained unsecured in their rights and responsibilities. On June 24, 1862 there was a settlement in Vienna and the previous legal relationships in the Frais were abolished. The contract essentially regulated that the places Neualbenreuth, Hatzenreuth and Querenbach came to the Kingdom of Bavaria, Altalbenreuth, the Säuerlingshammer, Gosel and Schönlind to the Kingdom of Bohemia. The place Boden was spun off from the parish of Neualbenreuth and re-parish to Altkinsberg in Bohemia, the schoolchildren from Boden were taught in the elementary school in Altalbenreuth. The places Ottengrün and Ernestgrün were assigned to Bavaria. On the Tillenberg, the borderline from the Rimmelbrunnen to the Königstein was corrected. The Königsstein boundary stone is therefore also to be regarded as a Fraischstein . The Kingdom of Bavaria acquired the right of patronage and representation for the parish and the school in Neualbenreuth from the city of Eger for cash payment of 1,600 Reichstalers.
The disputes over the ownership of the Eger city forest south of Neualbenreuth , a source area with a drinking water reservoir, was decided in favor of the city of Cheb after lengthy and very difficult negotiations. The ownership of the 634 hectare forest area was awarded to the city of Cheb in the Czech Republic ; However, the use of the income should - in accordance with an agreement - also serve to preserve and maintain the cultural heritage and be a special obligation towards the original German residents.
See also
literature
- Gerhard Schmidt-Grillmeier: The Frais (also Fraisch) . In: Oberpfälzer Heimat Volume 31, 1987, Weiden in der Oberpfalz. ( online )
- Lorenz Weiß: The Frais . In: Heimatkreis Eger, history of a German landscape in documentaries and memories . Editor: Egerer Landtag eV, Amberg 1981, p. 332f. with an overview sketch of the Frais area from 1862.