Frans Michel Penning
Frans Michel Penning (born September 12, 1894 in Gorinchem , † December 6, 1953 in Utrecht ) was a Dutch physicist .
Life
Penning completed a degree in physics and mathematics at the University of Leiden , where he received his doctorate in 1923 with a dissertation on measurements of isopycnene of gases at low temperatures ("Metingen over isopyknen van gassen bij lage temperaturen"). His doctoral supervisor was Heike Kamerlingh Onnes . From 1924 Penning worked for the Philips Natuurkundig Laboratorium . He was mainly concerned with experimental physics , with its focus on electric gas discharges was. Together with Mari Johan Druyvesteyn (1901–1995) he wrote the highly regarded article "The Mechanism of Electrical Discharges in Gases of Low Pressure", which appeared in 1940 in the Review of modern Physics of the American Physical Society .
The following are named after him:
- the Penning trap - a device for storing charged particles
- the Penning ionization - an ionization by transfer of excitation energy in particle collisions
- the Penning mixture - a special gas mixture for fluorescent tubes
- the Penning vacuum meter - a high vacuum pressure measuring device
Web links
- Biography (English)
- Literature by and about Frans Michel Penning in the bibliographic database WorldCat
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Penning, Frans Michel |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Dutch physicist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 12, 1894 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Gorinchem |
| DATE OF DEATH | December 6, 1953 |
| Place of death | Utrecht |