Franciscan monastery Münster

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A Franciscan monastery existed in Münster from 1247 until secularization , was re-established elsewhere in 1860 and abandoned in 2004.

history

Before secularization

The Franciscans founded their first monastery in Münster in 1247. Before its dissolution as a result of the secularization in 1811/12, it was the seat of the provincial leadership of the Saxon Franciscan Province of the Holy Cross . The religious were very popular as pastors in the city and, in addition to their work in their own monastery church, they helped out in numerous parish churches in the city and the surrounding area. The cathedral preacher at Münster Cathedral was also often a Franciscan. In addition, the monastery served as the main study monastery for dogmatic- scholastic theology for the offspring of the Saxon Province . At the end of the 18th century, several priests of the monastery also worked as lecturers at the University of Münster.

In the spring of 1804 the monastery was threatened with relocation to the Capuchin monastery because it was to be used for the purposes of the French army. This could still be averted, but with the arrival of the French in Münster in October 1806 a period of severe impairment began. First 64 soldiers were quartered, another time 200 Prussian prisoners stayed in the monastery church, another time 100 sick Dutchmen were housed in the monastery. In January 1807, the French set up barracks for 150 soldiers stationed there in almost all of the lower monastery rooms, and a military school was added later. Nevertheless, the monastery continued to exercise its pastoral care.

On December 2, 1811, the monastery was announced a decree by Napoleon of November 14, 1811, according to which the Franciscans had to take off their habit on January 2, 1812 and leave the monastery; the same applied to the Franciscan monasteries in Elten , Gemen , Rheine and Vreden . The Franciscans looked for accommodation outside the monastery and continued to hold church offices in the city. The Provincial Minister P. Firmin Flören directed the Order Province from his private apartment in Münster until his death on March 17, 1822. On January 3, 1812, a government commission took possession of the monastery. Church and monastery were locked, the church property was auctioned. The monastery soon became a military hospital, then an infantry barracks. In 1819 the church was rebuilt, the tower and sacristy were torn down, a false ceiling was added to the nave and the lower part was used as a horse stable.

19th - 21st century

In 1860, at the request of Bishop Johann Georg Müller , the Franciscans resettled in Münster and now opened a "Residenz", a smaller monastery with a lower canonical status than a "convent" at Hörster Tor. The monastery was newly founded as a pure pastoral care monastery. The small library there was completely adjusted to the needs of pastoral care. When she moved in in 1861 she was given a smaller room in the west wing.

The monastery was temporarily closed during the Kulturkampf . From 1971 to 2004 the monastery - now the convent - was the seat of the Philosophical-Theological College of the Franciscans and Capuchins. It existed until 2004. The monastery on Hörsterplatz in Münster was demolished in 2007. A modern residential complex was built on the site.

From 1971 to 1973, in addition to the study monastery, there was a small community in a private apartment in which a priest and some Franciscan students lived and practiced a new form of community life.

literature

  • Berthold Bockholt: The order of St. Francis in Münster i. W. A general overview of the living and working of the three orders of St. Francis in Münster i. W. with special consideration of the Franciscan observers and dedicated to the benefactors of the order. Munster 1917.
  • Ralf Nickel: The Friars Minor in Münster. In: Dieter Berg (ed.): Franciscan life in the Middle Ages. Studies on the history of the Rhenish and Saxon order provinces. Werl 1994, pp. 167-209.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Didakus Falke: Antonianum Monastery and Gymnasium of the Franciscans in Geseke (= Franciscan Studies, Supplement 1). Aschendorff, Münster 1915, p. 48.
  2. ↑ Berthold Bockholt: The Order of St. Francis in Munster. Münster 1917, pp. 20–32.
  3. ↑ Berthold Bockholt: The Order of St. Francis in Munster. Münster 1917, pp. 41-43.
  4. ↑ Athanasius Bierbaum: The Saxon Franciscan Province of the Holy Cross. o. O. 1925, p. 22f.
  5. ^ University of Göttingen: Study and Central Library of the Franciscans

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