Women's prison "Serbia"

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A memorial stone placed on today's Aleja Jana Pawła II in the 1960s . Here, the inmates murdered during the German occupation in World War II are remembered.

The now defunct women's prison "Serbia" (German: Serbia) was located in the Warsaw district of Muranów ( Śródmieście district ) at Ulica Dzielna 26 and was adjacent to the larger men's prison Pawiak . Today the Serbia is often viewed as part of the Pawiak Prison.

history

The building was probably built by Russian authorities from 1830 to 1835 as a prison for criminal women ( Oddział Kobiecy Więzienia Śledczego Dzielna 24/26 w Warszawie ). For this purpose, the property of a court building adjacent to the Pawiak men's prison was acquired. The building consisted of three floors, had a floor area of ​​50 × 15 meters and was located to the west of the Pawiak. In this separate area there was also a lower administration building and the laundry, in which some of the convicted women worked. From 1863 female political prisoners were housed in the facility. This use was interrupted in 1877 and 1878, when the building served as a military hospital. The name Serbia, which refers to the Russo-Ottoman War (referred to in Poland as the "Serbian War"), comes from this period . Sometimes the name "Syberia" was used later.

After the occupation of Warsaw by the Wehrmacht at the beginning of the Second World War , the Serbia was used by the Gestapo from 1939 to 1944 together with the neighboring Pawiak . On October 1, 1943, SS Rottenführer Ernst Wefels, an overseer of the Serbia prison, was shot dead by a unit of the Home Army . On August 21, 1944, the building was blown up by German units. After the war, part of the former Serbia prison site was used to build Ulica Marchlewskiego (today's Aleja Jana Pawła II ) named after Julian Balthasar Marchlewski . In 1965 a Serbia memorial stone was also placed here (on the roadside). A green space was created on the rest of the site. In the course of its existence around 20,000 women have been held captive in Serbia.

Known inmates

Before World War II:

During the Second World War:

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ according to Tadeusz Rutkowski, Pawiak - Prison Museum in Warsaw on a website of the German-Polish Youth Office
  2. ↑ a b according to Article Pawiak - więzienie przy ul.Dzielnej 24/26 at sztetl.org.pl (in Polish, accessed on January 2, 2013)
  3. ↑ according to Elevation in Encyklopedia Warszawy , PWN publishing house, Warsaw 1994
  4. ↑ a b according to Grzegorz Piątek, Jarosław Trybuś, Warsaw. The thematic guide through Poland's capital , Kamil Markiewicz (transl.), ISBN 978-3-89728-070-0 , Schröder, Verlag für Regionalkultur, Diepholz 2009, p. 122
  5. ↑ according to Information The Pawiak Prison in Warsaw at ARC ( Deathcamps.org ), based on: Pawiak 1835-1944. The Guidebook , Muzeum Niepodleglosci (ed.), Warsaw 2002
  6. ↑ according to Literature listing for a biography: Women in Russia / USSR / CIS, Dzieržynska, Zofia

literature

  • Władysław Bartoszewski: The death ring around Warsaw. 1939–1944 , Interpress Publishing House, Warsaw 1969

Web links

Coordinates: 52 ° 14 ′ 45.1 ″  N , 20 ° 59 ′ 23.2 ″  E