Cemetery on the Glockenberg
The cemetery on Glockenberg is the burial place of the city of Coburg . The western part of the cemetery was laid out from 1847 to 1851 on the upper Glockenberghügel as a replacement for the Salvatorfriedhof. From 1868 to 1869, the extension to the east of the Hinterer Glockenberg road followed . Due to its historical park and various cemetery structures, the cemetery on Glockenberg is considered a monumental complex.
Western part of the cemetery
The urban area with today's address Hinterer Glockenberg 4, 4a previously consisted of orchards and was opened up from 1847. The ducal building councilor Vincenz Fischer-Birnbaum designed the cemetery as a park-like facility with the floor plan of a trapezoid. In the center is the ducal mausoleum, connected to the opposite entrance by an avenue on the main axis. The main axis is crossed by a narrower transverse axis, which divides the cemetery area into four areas.
Cemetery buildings
The former gravedigger and gardener's house dates from 1851 and is the oldest building in the cemetery. The two-wing, single-storey building made of sandstone has been used as a warehouse and workshop building since 1905.
The ducal mausoleum was built between 1853 and 1858 for the family members of the dynasty of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha on behalf of Ernst II according to plans by the Gotha city building councilor Gustav Eberhard . The tower-free funeral chapel has the shape of a three-aisled Romanesque basilica. Inside, the mausoleum is built as a two-storey crypt chapel with a square chapel and a gallery on the upper floor. Dukes Ernst I and Ernst II and their wives are buried in the northern crypt on the ground floor, while Alfred and his wife Maria and their son Alfred are buried in the southern part .
Since 1859, the eastern part of the cemetery has been closed by a neo-Gothic sandstone wall with crenellated pillars according to plans by Julius Martinet. Four neo-Romanesque crypt chapels, two at the ends and two at the entrance, are integrated into the wall. The oldest crypt chapel dates from 1865. The court mason Georg Rothbart built it in the Neo-Renaissance style on behalf of Princess Victoria for Baron Christian Friedrich von Stockmar , who was the personal physician of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert .
Gravesites
Worth mentioning are the tombs of various local personalities, such as those of the ducal chamberlain Baron Martin von Rast, the sculptor August Sommer and the painter Heinrich Höllein . In the north-western burial district is the military cemetery for those who died in the Franco-German War , World War I and World War II .
Eastern part of the cemetery
The eastern extension of the cemetery, Hinterer Glockenberg 3a , in the style of the western part, followed from 1863 with the construction of a morgue, which was opened in 1865. By 1869 the enlargement by about three times the area was completed. In 1907, a mourning hall, a crematorium and an administrator's house were built on the cemetery section according to plans by the Coburg city architect Max Böhme . After 1945 the cemetery was again expanded to the southeast in the direction of Kleiner Galgenleite .
Cemetery buildings
Corresponding to the older part of the cemetery, the younger one along the street Hinterer Glockenberg also has a crenellated sandstone wall, in which only three romanized crypt chapels are integrated. The morgue was converted into a mourning hall in 1907. The building, also known as the funeral hall, is located on the main axis of the cemetery opposite the ducal mausoleum. The single-storey building has a saddle roof with skylight and is characterized by a richly ornamented facade with neo-Romanesque and Art Nouveau elements.
Behind the mourning hall is the crematorium with an urn hall . In 1907 it was one of the first systems in Germany. The building was made with sandstone and has a hipped mansard roof . In the urn hall there is a statue of a mourner based on a design by Julius Eberle. The actual crematorium is located in the basement and is connected to the funeral hall, in which there are cold rooms, among other things, by an underground passage. The fireplace was increased in 1982. Cosima Wagner and Houston Stewart Chamberlain, among others, had their cremation here . Next to the mourning hall there is a two-storey residential building of the cemetery administration with an analogue mansard gable front. The Coburg city architect Max Böhme designed the ensemble of mourning hall, crematorium and administration building.
Gravesites
The graves worth mentioning include those of the theater painter Max Brückner , those of Christoph Florschütz , educator and advisor to Ernst II and Albert, and those of the Roepert-Hansen family.
Jewish Cemetery
In 1873, the Israelite Community bought the city for 1,600 guilders at the eastern end of 1,450 square meters of the cemetery expansion for its own burial ground. The first burial was on July 12, 1874. Over 200 burials followed. The last one was in 1988. The Jewish cemetery is separated from the general part by a hedge.
To the right of the entrance are three rows of gravestones (1941 and after 1945), on the left older ones from before and around 1900. The oldest mazewot are made of sandstone , from around 1900 made of the more durable marble . All gravestones bear a Hebrew and German inscription. There is also a memorial stone with the names of 48 Coburg Jews who fell victim to National Socialism . However, the list is incomplete. There is also a memorial from 1919 for the seven members of the religious community who died in the First World War. After the demise of the Jewish community in 1942, the forced laborers from Eastern Europe who died in Coburg during the Second World War were buried in the unoccupied area.
literature
- Peter Morsbach, Otto Titz: City of Coburg. Ensembles-Architectural Monuments-Archaeological Monuments . Monuments in Bavaria. Volume IV.48. Karl M. Lipp Verlag, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-87490-590-X
- Hubert Fromm: The Coburg Jews - History and Fate . Evangelisches Bildungswerk Coburg eV and Initiative Stadtmuseum Coburg eV, 2nd edition Coburg 2001, ISBN 3-9808006-0-1
- Israel Schwierz: Stone evidence of Jewish life in Bavaria. A documentation . Ed. from the Bavarian State Center for Political Education . Munich 1988, pp. 213-216, ISBN 3-87052-393-X
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Hubert Fromm: The Coburg Jews - History and Fate. P. 198
- ^ Hubert Fromm: The Coburg Jews - History and Fate. P. 200
Coordinates: 50 ° 15 ′ 10 ″ N , 10 ° 58 ′ 24 ″ E