Jewish cemetery (Coburg)

The Jewish cemetery in the Upper Franconian town of Coburg is a Jewish burial site on the Glockenberg, which was first documented in 1874.

Jewish cemetery in Coburg

location

The 1450 m² cemetery, on which there are around 200 gravestones , is located on the Glockenberg east of the municipal cemetery at the end of the main avenue. It is separated from it by a chest-high hedge.

history

Medieval cemetery

The settlement of Jews in Coburg probably began in the course of the 13th century. At the end of the 14th century a larger Jewish community had emerged. Initially, the dead were buried in so-called Jewish pits. In 1413, Landgrave Wilhelm II of Meißen allowed the construction of a Jewish cemetery in the west in front of the city walls. In the middle of the 15th century the Jewish community disbanded due to displacement. The abandoned cemetery was mentioned for the last time in 1536 and was rediscovered in 1896 when the house at Judengasse 50 was built. In addition to human bones, a tombstone from 1457 was also found.

Burials outside of Coburg

The first settlements of Jews in Coburg began again from the beginning of the 19th century. The dead of the Jewish community were initially buried in Autenhausen or Untermerzbach .

Burials within Coburg

The Simon family's private cemetery is a special feature in all of Franconia . The family, who settled in 1806, was allowed to create this in 1860.

In 1870, the Jewish family resident in Coburg contacted the city for the first time to purchase an area of the cemetery, which was expanded in 1869, for their burials. At the beginning of 1872, the city refused on the grounds that a Jewish section would violate the cemetery regulations. Attempts to buy cemetery land elsewhere were unsuccessful. Only after the establishment of the Israelite religious community at the end of 1872 was able to acquire its own burial ground from the city for 1,600 guilders at the eastern end of the cemetery in July 1873 . The hearse and the morgue could be used for a fee. The first burial was on July 12, 1874.

In 1923 the cemetery was damaged. In 1936, the use of the morgue and the main avenue through the Christian cemetery were banned as access. The dead had to be carried around the city cemetery. After the demise of the Jewish community in 1942, the forced laborers from Eastern Europe who died in Coburg during World War II were buried in the unoccupied area. Over 200 Jewish citizens were buried. The last burial in the cemetery maintained by the city of Coburg took place in 1988.

Gravesites

Memorial of honor

To the right of the entrance are three rows of gravestones (1941 and after 1945), on the left older ones from before and around 1900. The oldest mazewot are made of sandstone , from around 1900 made of the more durable marble . All gravestones bear a Hebrew and German inscription. At the western entrance there is a memorial stone with the names of 48 Coburg Jews who fell victim to National Socialism . However, the list is incomplete. There is also the memorial with the Star of David inaugurated on December 8, 1919 for the seven members of the religious community who died in the First World War . Arthur Frankenberg is the only one buried here.

One of the notable graves is that of the family of furniture manufacturer David the Lionheart. It is a tomb with steps with side vases. In the middle of the tomb lid between two benches and the tomb as is aedicula with lateral vases and Volutenaufsatz. The grave of the family of the medical councilor Dr. Adolf Masur, who was the chairman of the Israelite religious community from 1914 to 1941, is decorated with an entablature with an inscription and a Star of David, carried by two pilasters .

Web links

Commons : Jewish Cemetery - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Jewish cemetery in Coburg

Individual evidence

^ ^A ^b Peter Morsbach, Otto Titz: City of Coburg (= Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation [Hrsg.]: Monuments in Bavaria. Volume IV.48). Karl M. Lipp Verlag, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-87490-590-X , p. 127.
↑ Christian Boseckert: A street tells the story of Coburg - From the past of the Judengasse and its residents. Volume 22 of the publication series of the historical society Coburg eV, Coburg 2008, ISBN 3-9810350-4-6 , p. 9.
^ Lothar Mayer: Jewish cemeteries in Middle and Upper Franconia. Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2012, ISBN 978-3-86568-572-8 , pp. 64-69.
↑ ^a ^b Hubert Fromm: The Coburg Jews. Tolerated - Outlawed - Destroyed. Evangelisches Bildungswerk Coburg eV and Initiative Stadtmuseum Coburg eV (Ed.), 3rd revised and expanded edition, Coburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-938536-01-8 , pp. 353–359.

50.25314 10.97503Coordinates: 50 ° 15 ′ 11 ″ N , 10 ° 58 ′ 30 ″ E

[Morsbach127-1] A ^b Peter Morsbach, Otto Titz: City of Coburg (= Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation [Hrsg.]: Monuments in Bavaria. Volume IV.48). Karl M. Lipp Verlag, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-87490-590-X , p. 127.

[Boseckert9-2] Christian Boseckert: A street tells the story of Coburg - From the past of the Judengasse and its residents. Volume 22 of the publication series of the historical society Coburg eV, Coburg 2008, ISBN 3-9810350-4-6 , p. 9.

[Mayer353-3] Lothar Mayer: Jewish cemeteries in Middle and Upper Franconia. Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg 2012, ISBN 978-3-86568-572-8 , pp. 64-69.

[Fromm353-4] Hubert Fromm: The Coburg Jews. Tolerated - Outlawed - Destroyed. Evangelisches Bildungswerk Coburg eV and Initiative Stadtmuseum Coburg eV (Ed.), 3rd revised and expanded edition, Coburg 2012, ISBN 978-3-938536-01-8 , pp. 353–359.