Valeronitrile

Structural formula
General
Surname	Valeronitrile
other names	Pentanoic acid nitrile Butyl cyanide 1-cyanobutane Pentanenitrile
Molecular formula	C 5 H 9 N
Brief description	colorless liquid
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 110-59-8 EC number 203-781-8 ECHA InfoCard 100.003.439 PubChem 8061 Wikidata Q27293542
properties
Molar mass	83.1 g mol −1
Physical state	liquid
density	0.80 g cm −3
Melting point	−96 ° C
boiling point	141 ° C
Vapor pressure	7.0 hPa (20 ° C)
solubility	slightly soluble in water (10 g l −1 at 20 ° C)
Refractive index	1.397 (20 ° C)
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances Caution H and P phrases H: 226-302 P: 210
Toxicological data	332 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 ,  rat ,  oral )
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Refractive index: Na-D line , 20 ° C

Valeronitrile is a chemical compound from the group of nitriles .

Extraction and presentation

Valeronitrile 2 can be obtained by heating 1-chlorobutane 1 with sodium cyanide in dimethyl sulfoxide .

properties

Valeronitrile is a colorless liquid that is sparingly soluble in water.

use

Valeronitrile can be used to make valeric acid . It can also be used to increase nitrilase activity in many strains of fungi.

safety instructions

The vapors of valeronitrile can form an explosive mixture with air ( flash point 34 ° C, ignition temperature 520 ° C).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h i j k} Entry on valeronitrile in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on December 3, 2018(JavaScript required) .
2. ↑ ^{a b} Data sheet Valeronitrile, 99.5% from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on December 3, 2018 ( PDF ).
3. ↑ Valeronitrile data sheet (PDF) from Merck , accessed on December 3, 2018.
4. ^ Robert Smiley, Charles Arnold: Notes- Aliphatic Nitriles from Alkyl Chlorides. In: The Journal of Organic Chemistry. 25, 1960, p. 257, doi : 10.1021 / jo01072a600 .