Jewish cemetery (Hagenbach)

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Jewish cemetery in Hagenbach, 2011
Jewish cemetery in Hagenbach, 2011: Gravestones of the Wassermann family

The Jewish cemetery in Hagenbach , a village in the Pretzfeld community in the Upper Franconian district of Forchheim , is a Jewish burial site that was occupied from 1737 to 1934.

location

The 3880 m² burial site, enclosed by a hedge, is located about 500 meters southwest of the town of Hagenbach on a dirt road to Altreuth.

history

Symbols, etc. a. a mohel knife on a tombstone in the Jewish cemetery in Hagenbach, 2011
Gravestone of a deceased from Wannbach in the Jewish cemetery in Hagenbach, 2011

The first surviving references to a Jewish community in Hagenbach come from the 17th century, after the Lords of Stiebar and other feudal lords took in Jewish families in the village. In the 18th century the number of Jews in Hagenbach increased sharply. In the first half of the 19th century the Jewish population reached almost 60%.

Jews from Egloffstein , Mittelehrenbach and Wannbach , among others, were buried in the Jewish cemetery in Hagenbach, which was inaugurated in 1737 . The sole ownership claim of the Hagenbach Jews led to a dispute that was settled amicably by the Patrimonial Court in Hagenbach in 1840 . Since then, the Jews from Wannbach have been buried in a new part of the cemetery.

Due to emigration as a result of the Bavarian Jewish edict of 1813 , the number of Jewish residents of Hagenbach sank enormously from the second half of the 19th century. In 1840 163 people of Jewish faith lived in the village, in 1910 there were only 11. In 1911 the Jewish communities of Wannbach and Hagenbach merged to form the Hagenbach-Wannbach Jewish Community. At the beginning of the Nazi era in 1933, there were still seven Jewish citizens living in Hagenbach. The last burial in the Jewish cemetery took place on March 2, 1934 (Abraham Hutzler). In the same year the Jewish community of Hagenbach-Wannbach was dissolved. The total of five Jews who were still living in Hagenbach and Wannbach during the November pogroms in 1938 were initially imprisoned in Forchheim and fell victim to the Holocaust , some of them not documented .

In 1941 there were plans to plant mulberry trees in the Jewish cemetery in Hagenbach for breeding silkworms , which in the end no longer happened. Between 1933 and 1945, the burial site was spared desecration. About 385 tombstones have been preserved there, representing the respective style of their time and showing the economic position of the people who are buried there.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Alemannia Judaica : Hagenbach - Jewish history / synagogue . As of November 17, 2010.
  2. ↑ Notice board at Hagenbach Castle. The gentlemen von Guttenberg named in Alemannia Judaica are related to the Stiebars, but were not landlords in Hagenbach.
  3. ^ House of Bavarian History : Jewish cemeteries in Bavaria - Pretzfeld-Hagenbach . As of April 7, 2011.
  4. ^ Commemorative Book - Victims of Persecution of the Jews under the National Socialist Tyranny 1933–1945 . As of May 19, 2011.
  5. ↑ Alemannia Judaica : Hagenbach - Jewish cemetery . As of April 7, 2011.

Web links

Commons : Jewish Cemetery  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Michael Trüger: The Jewish cemetery in Hagenbach . In: The National Association of Israelites. Religious communities in Bavaria. No. 80 (14th year). September 1999. p. 20.

Coordinates: 49 ° 44 ′ 50 ″  N , 11 ° 11 ′ 4 ″  E