Jewish cemetery (Oberkotzau)

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Field name Jewish burial - hilltop with grove

The Jewish cemetery in Oberkotzau , a market in the Upper Franconian district of Hof , is a former Jewish burial place handed down as a field name .

location

The field name Jewish burial can be found some distance from Oberkotzau in the direction of Döhlau and Rehau along a branching side street to Woja . It marks a flat hilltop that is now occupied by a forest. There are no more traces of a burial site visible above ground. In the literature used so far, there is no exact information about the extent, age and time and circumstances of the dissolution of the cemetery. There are also no references in the standard literature. In his work on Jewish cemeteries in Upper Franconia, Karl Dill primarily deals with the shape of the still visible gravestones in the sense of his field monument research and mentions the Oberkotzau location only in an introductory list. Israel Schwierz concludes from the existence of a burial site that a local Jewish community may exist .

In 1885, Ludwig Zapf describes still visible burial mounds in the corridor name. After the first report from the municipality, the excavated mounds were described as empty. This prompted Zapf to carry out an on-site inspection and he writes of “18 nicely rounded burial mounds”. Later researchers, however, assign this supposed observation to the small quarry located there as still visible remains of heaps. This would mean that in 1885 there were no more visible traces of the burial site.

Historical background

Konrad Ruprecht provides Oberkotzau in an early stage of development of the place along important old streets as a station for travelers and traders are remote indications are that. James - patron saint of the church and contacts the family of Kotzau to the Bamberger Jakob pen . On September 5, 1444, at the Knight's Day in Nuremberg , Emperor Sigismund confirmed not only the privileged and traditional rights of freedom and jurisdiction, but also the market rights and permission to settle Jews. This privilege was otherwise only granted to larger cities and led to economic advantages, since Jews were allowed to conduct money transactions and borrow money against interest. Corresponding archive sources from this period can be found in the Bamberg State Archives . There are similarities in development in Aufseß with the privileged von Aufseß family and a Jewish cemetery that has been preserved there to this day . In Oberkotzau there is documentary evidence of a synagogue on the site of the later Endelschen brewery and the mention of a Judengasse . The Endel property was on Schlossberg , Judengasse provided a direct connection to the market square . The so-called Lörner Chronicle also refers to the field name Judenfeld bei Haideck . During a pogrom in the city of Hof , 1515 Jews fled to the rural area, mainly to Oberkotzau. In the time of the Principality of Kulmbach , seven years after 1560 were siege of Hof and by Albrecht Alcibiades following interregnum , Jews from the territory sold. The Lörner Chronicle quotes a judgment from 1620, from which it emerges that 120 Jews had appeared in the village and got involved in a dispute with the pastor Matthias Fröhlig. The Jewish community is said to have been dissolved in the middle of the 17th century. During the time of the Nazi dictatorship, individual personal fates of Jewish fellow citizens are known. The china manufacturer couple Marcus and the doctor Joachimczyk died in Theresienstadt and Auschwitz .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ House of Bavarian History (ed.): The good place - Jewish cemeteries in Bavaria . Augsburg 2009. P. 70. ISBN 3-937974-22-9 .
  2. ^ August Gebeßler : City and district of Hof . The Art Monuments of Bavaria , Brief Inventories , Volume VII . German art publisher . Munich 1960.
  3. ^ Karl Dill : Jewish cemeteries in Upper Franconia . In: Local supplement to the official school gazette of the administrative district of Upper Franconia . Bayreuth 1992. p. 5.
  4. Ludwig Zapf: On the prehistory of the Bavarian Vogtland . In: Johannes Ranke (ed.): Correspondence sheet of the German Society for Anthropology, Ethnology and Prehistory . XVI. Volume, No. 5., May 1885. P. 36f.
  5. Klaus Schwarz: The prehistoric and early historical site monuments of Upper Franconia - text . In: Werner Krämer (ed.): Material booklets on Bavarian prehistory for the Bavarian State Office for Monument Preservation . Kallmünz 1955. pp. 106f.
  6. ^ Frankenpost dated September 6, 1972: Markt Oberkotzau is striving for city rights .
  7. ^ Konrad Ruprecht: From the freedom to the market town . P. 5. (Lecture on September 1, 1984 on the 750th anniversary of Oberkotzau, collection of documents from the market town of Oberkotzau)
  8. Andreas Schultheiß, 1994, article in the document collection of the market town of Oberkotzau
  9. Lörner Chronicle , p. 190.
  10. ↑ Information board in the Museum Bayerisches Vogtland
  11. Dieter Arzberger: About Selb and Fichtelgebirgsorte to the border - an anonymous chronicle from the eighteenth century. In: Self-Issues. Volume 6. Selb 1982. p. 154.
  12. Lörner Chronicle , p. 190.
  13. Andreas Schultheiß, 1994, article (...)
  14. Markt Oberkotzau (ed.): Illustrated history (s) . Hof 2013. pp. 83–86.
  15. ^ Hetze in Der Stürmer from issue 17, April 1926. P. 2.
  16. Victims database at http://www.holocaust.cz/ for Wolf Marcus , Paula Marcus ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. and the Medical Council Dr. med. Julius Joachimczyk  ( page no longer available , search in web archivesInfo: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www2.holocaust.cz@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www2.holocaust.cz  
  17. http://www.buendnis-oberkotzau.de/

Coordinates: 50 ° 15 '59.7 "  N , 11 ° 57' 37.8"  E