Fritz Frankel

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Fritz Fränkel (born September 7, 1892 in Berlin , † June 21, 1944 in Mexico ) was an addiction medicine specialist and neurologist , a well-known Communist (KPD) of German-Jewish origin and active as an interbrigadist in the war for the Spanish democratic republic .

Life

Fränkel studied medicine and psychology at the Berlin Friedrich Wilhelms University and volunteered for military service in 1915. He then did his doctorate in 1919 on war neuroses . He was a member of the Spartakusbund and a delegate at the founding party congress of the KPD (1918/1919). From 1919 he worked at the Charité in Berlin, later at the Berlin-Buch Clinic . He was involved in the Association of Socialist Doctors and in the Proletarian Health Service , whose Berlin group he chaired from 1924. From 1925 onwards, Fränkel settled down as a neurologist in Berlin, where, along with other investigations into drug addiction, he and Ernst Joël also scientifically accompanied Walter Benjamin's hashish experiments .

After the NSDAP and its German national alliance partners came to power, Fränkel was arrested by the SA on March 23, 1933 , abused and imprisoned in the SA prison in Papestrasse . After his release he fled to Switzerland and from there to Paris, where he secretly practiced as a doctor. In 1936 he took as a member of the Thälmann Battalion of the XI. International Brigade took part in the Spanish Civil War on the Republican side . As an officer, he was chief physician of a hospital at the Madrid Font and later in Barcelona responsible for supplying the international brigades with medicine from France. Frankel sympathized with the POUM and was expelled from the KPD. In early 1939 he returned to Paris. With the beginning of the Second World War he was interned in France. In 1941 he managed to escape to Mexico. There he joined the group Socialismo y Libertad .

literature

  • Werner Abel / Enrico Hilbert, "You will not get through". Germans on the side of the Spanish Republic and the social revolution, Vol. 1, Lich 2015
  • Klaus Täubert: Psychologist, drug addict, communist - materials on Fritz Fränkel , in: Europäische ideen, Heft 100, pp. 15-27, Ed .: Andreas W. Mytze, mylet druck, Dransfeld 1996.
  • Klaus Täubert: 'Unknown moved ...' The life path of the addiction doctor, psychologist and KPD founding member Fritz Fränkel . Trafo Verlag, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-89626-509-1
  • Frankel, Fritz . In: Hermann Weber , Andreas Herbst : German Communists. Biographisches Handbuch 1918 to 1945. 2nd, revised and greatly expanded edition. Dietz, Berlin 2008, ISBN 978-3-320-02130-6 .

Web links

Footnotes

  1. ↑ All information: Werner Abel / Enrico Hilbert, "You will not get through". Germans on the side of the Spanish Republic and the social revolution, vol. 1, Lich 2015, p. 152 and page no longer available , search in web archives: Fritz Fränkel (1892–1944) .@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.gedenkstaette-papestrasse.de
personal data
SURNAME Frankel, Fritz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German addiction medicine specialist and neurologist
DATE OF BIRTH September 7, 1892
PLACE OF BIRTH Berlin
DATE OF DEATH June 21, 1944
Place of death Mexico