Maybach GTO 6

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GTO 6 in the museum for historic Maybach vehicles
For the first time, the GTO-6 engines have been in the DB Class V 60 used

The Maybach GTO 6 engine is a high- speed 12-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine with supercharging from Maybach-Motorenbau GmbH for installation in fast railcars and diesel locomotives of the German Federal Railroad . It is the further development of the diesel engines used in express railcars before the Second World War . The designation therefore also bears the letter T in the engine name GO 6 for the abbreviation as tunnel engine . Significant improvements compared to pre-war engines are the undivided engine housing in tunnel construction , the disc crankshaft and the plain bearings for the connecting rod on the crankshaft with lubrication via the hollow crankshaft. In addition to the design mentioned, naturally aspirated engines with the power class 302 kW were also designed as tunnel engines. In the literature, for example, the GTO 56 type is named as a replacement for the worn-out engines in the 302 kW / 410 PS power class from the pre-war period , while ČKD Prague produced the 12 V 170 DR engine in large numbers especially for use in the M 262.0 and M 262.0 railcars procured as replacement engines for the vehicles that remained with the Deutsche Reichsbahn (1945–1993) . The further development of the type are the engines of the MD series .

history

In order to further increase the mileage of the GO engines used in the express railcars before the Second World War, the design of the engine had to be revised. The reduction in wear could only be achieved by reducing the distance from cylinder to cylinder, which was not possible with the crankshaft design as a forged design of the prewar version and the bearing of the crankshaft drive with roller bearings on the crankshaft. In addition, excessive vibrations and movements were transmitted to the crankshaft due to the split engine housing.

These findings were already available during the Second World War in various gasoline engines for tanks in empirical values, which were designed with the designation HL 230 as a tunnel engine with disc crankshaft and an output of 700 hp. That is why Maybach-Motorenbau GmbH started delivering an engine design from 1951 that was designed as a further development of the GO 6 with the design as a tunnel engine with disc crankshaft. This type of engine, known as GTO 6 , was installed in a high-speed railcar of the SVT Cologne type and subjected to long-term testing. After about 600,000 km of mileage, the engine was dismantled and checked for condition in the presence of specialists in the repair shop . Almost no signs of wear could be found, so that a trouble-free run of 1,000,000 km was to be expected. That was the beginning for the development of the tunnel motors.

Structure and components

In contrast to the pre-war engines, the motor housing is undivided. The distance from cylinder to cylinder is determined by the design of the disc crankshaft. This is mounted on rollers in each wall between the cylinders . In the case of the disc crankshaft, two crank arms of a normal cranked shaft are always combined to form a solid disc. The disc carries the roller bearings for mounting the shaft in the undivided motor housing. This means that the crankshaft is significantly more torsion-resistant, and the larger diameter means that there is better load distribution. It follows from this that the crankshaft with the roller bearings must be preassembled and lifted into the crankcase from the front and only then can be connected to the crank drive .

Due to the modified design, the connecting rod bearings could be made wider and stronger and at the same time the length of the engine could be reduced. Changes affected the crank mechanism. As with the GO engines, the main connecting rod is mounted on the bearing journal of the crankshaft, the secondary connecting rod is supported on the upper shell of the main connecting rod. The form of lubrication of the main connecting rods, in which there is an even film of lubricant between the bearing shell and the journal in every operating situation, made it possible in the future to consider the issue of engine speed as secondary. The other design principles are still the same as in the GO 6 , such as the cylinder liners screwed into the housing, the diesel injection pump on each cylinder side , the two overhead camshafts and the exhaust gas turbocharger used in the engine.

Technical specifications

Parameter unit value comment
rated capacity kW / PS 480/650
Rated speed min −1 1,400
Number of cylinders 12
Cylinder diameter mm 160
Piston stroke mm 200
Stroke volume cm³ 48,255
Compression ratio 13.5: 1
medium piston pressure bar 8.6
Number of inlet valves 2
Number of exhaust valves 2
Number of injection pumps 2
Motor length mm 2,100
Engine width mm 1,220
Engine height mm 2,072
Engine ground kg 3,250 without operating materials
Turbocharger type Maybach AGL GTO
maximum speed of the exhaust gas turbocharger min -1 14,000
maximum boost pressure exhaust gas turbocharger bar 0.4

Equipped vehicles

First, the SVT Köln type express railcars remaining with the Deutsche Bundesbahn were equipped with 22 engines. After that, the engine was the standard engine of the DB series V 60 , for which 299 engines were procured.

Operating experience

The diesel engines have a mileage that could not be achieved with the GO engines. In the heavily loaded circuits of the SVT Cologne, trouble-free mileage of 400,000 km is specified. When used in shunting service with the V 60, the monthly mileage depends on the type of operation. The V 60 series is considered to be very reliable, which is reflected in its service life of over 60 years. There were occasional overturning damage while operating the series .

literature

  • Harry Niemann: Karl Maybach, his motors and automobiles , Motorbuchverlag, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-613-02457-8
  • Diesel engines of the MD tunnel design , Maybach-Motorenwerke, Friedrichshafen 1955
  • Arno Bretschneider, Manfred Traube: The series V 60 , EK-Verlag, Freiburg, ISBN 3-88255-804-0
  • Heinz R. Kurz: From the Flying Hamburger to the Flying Cologne , EK-Verlag, Freiburg, ISBN 3-88255-237-9

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Heinz R. Kurz: Flying trains. From “Flying Hamburger” to “Flying Cologne” , EK-Verlag, Freiburg, ISBN 3-88255-237-9 , page 25
  2. ^ Heinz R. Kurz: Flying trains. From the “Flying Hamburger” to the “Flying Cologne” ; Eisenbahn-Kurier-Verlag, Freiburg [Breisgau] 1986; ISBN 3-88255-237-9 , page 94
  3. ↑ MTU company chronicle: From Zeppelin to Flying Hamburger , VHC video on the 50th anniversary of Maybach-Motorenbau , EK-Verlag Freiburg 1988
  4. ^ Photo of the first GTO engine on the MTU report
  5. ↑ Maybach-Motorenbau: Diesel engines of the MD tunnel type , Friedrichshafen 1955, page 5
  6. ↑ Maybach-Motorenbau: Diesel engines of the MD tunnel type , Friedrichshafen 1955, page 6
  7. ↑ a b Arno Bretschneider, Manfred Traube: The series V 60 , EK-Verlag, ISBN 3-88255-804-0 , page 51
  8. ^ Arno Bretschneider, Manfred Traube: The series V 60 , EK-Verlag, ISBN 3-88255-804-0 , page 44
  9. ^ Arno Bretschneider, Manfred Traube: The series V 60 , EK-Verlag, Freiburg, ISBN 3-88255-804-0 , page 50