Gabriele Veneziano

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Gabriele Veneziano (2007)

Gabriele Veneziano (born September 7, 1942 in Florence ) is an Italian physicist who is considered one of the founders of string theory .

life and work

Veneziano studied physics in Florence until 1965. He then received his doctorate after further studies from 1966 to 1968 at the Weizmann Institute in Rehovot , Israel in 1967. From 1968 to 1972 he was a post-doc and visiting associate professor at MIT and then returned to the Weizmann Institute. There he was a full professor from 1975 to 1977. He has been researching at CERN since 1976 , since 1977 as a "senior staff member" and between 1994 and 1996 was director of the theoretical department. In 2004 he also accepted a professorship at the Collège de France .

At CERN he also carried out his best-known work in 1968, which made him the “father” of string theory . He found a formula for the scattering amplitudes of resonances of the strong interaction, which used the classic Euler's beta function and expressed a duality (Veneziano amplitude). After it became clear in the mid-1970s that the quantum theory of strings only existed in higher dimensions and was not considered as a theory of strong interaction, as originally hoped, Veneziano's interest shifted to quantum chromodynamics . From the 1990s he worked z. B. with string theoretical quantum cosmology , with which he investigated the problem of the singularities of black holes and the cosmological big bang .

Veneziano is a member of the French Academy of Sciences in 2002 and of the Accademia dei Lincei since 1996 . He received the Russian Pomeranschuk Prize (1999), the Dannie Heineman Prize for Mathematical Physics (2004), the Albert Einstein Medal (2006), the Oskar Klein Medal (2007), the Premio Enrico Fermi (2005 ) and the Dirac Medal of the ICTP (2014). In 2000 he received the gold medal of the Italian Republic and in 2007 became Commendatore al merito della Repubblica Italiana.

He has been married to the Paris professor of psycholinguistics Edy Pacifici since 1966 and has two daughters with her.

Fonts

  • An introduction to dual models of strong interactions and their physical motivations . In: Physics Reports , Volume 9, 1974, pp. 199-242
  • Physics with a fundamental length . In: Brink, Friedan, Polyakov: The physics and mathematics of strings . 1990
  • A simple short introduction to pre-big-bang physics / cosmology . Erice 1997, arxiv : hep-th / 9802057
  • with Gasperini: String theory and pre-big-bang.cosmology . 2007, arxiv : hep-th / 0703055

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Veneziano: Construction of a crossing-symmetric, Regge-behaved amplitude for linearly rising trajectories . In: Nuovo Cimento A , 57, 1968, pp. 190-197. To Science Citation Classics (PDF)
personal data
SURNAME Veneziano, Gabriele
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian physicist
DATE OF BIRTH September 7, 1942
PLACE OF BIRTH Florence