Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics
The Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics in Moscow , ITEP for short (SSC RF ITEP), Russian Институт теоретической и экспериментальной физики , is a physics institute that is subordinate to the Rosatom atomic authority . It is located near the corner of Sevastopol Prospect and Nakhimovsky Prospect (Bolshaya Cheremuskinskaya 25) and is located on the site of an 18th century mansion (Cheremushki) . The director is (as of 2008) Boris Jurjewitsch Scharkow .
history
ITEP was founded on December 1, 1945 and dealt with the development of the theory of nuclear reactors from early 1947 to 1949 . At that time it was still called Laboratory 3 . Abram Isaakowitsch Alichanow was the founder and director until 1968 . At ITEP, work is carried out in a wide variety of areas of basic and applied research, from physics and mathematics to biology and chemistry. The employees are also active in teaching (at the pre-diploma and diploma level as well as doctorates ) and regularly organize conferences, seminars and a winter school.
From 1949, the ITEP maintained a heavy water reactor (today there is a heavy water reactor Maket ) and from 1961 a 7-GeV proton - synchrotron , the first Russian particle accelerator with a strong focus and a prototype for the later 76-GeV accelerator in Protvino . Today they maintain a 10 GeV proton synchrotron and a proton linear accelerator . During the Soviet Union, ITEP scientists won 8 Lenin awards and 29 state awards.
From the 1980s, a research program to study nuclear fusion using heavy ion accelerators was started.
At the moment (2008) the focus areas are theoretical and mathematical physics (e.g. quantum field theory and string theory ), astrophysics , elementary particle physics (e.g. you are involved in DESY and CERN experiments with working groups ), nuclear physics , plasma physics , solid state physics , nanotechnologies , Nuclear reactor technology, accelerator physics, medical physics (such as PET devices, cancer treatment with the proton accelerator) and computer science. They were one of the first Russian institutes to be networked via the World Wide Web and operate the Moscow mirror of the Arxiv preprint server.
Directors
- 1945–1968 Abram Isaakowitsch Alichanow
- 1968–1997 Iwan Wassiljewitsch Tschuwilo
- 1997-2001 Mikhail Vladimirovich Danilov
- 2001–2005 Alexander Leonidowitsch Suvorov
- 2005–2008 Boris Jurjewitsch Scharkow
- 2008–2009 Vyacheslav Nikolaevich Konev
- 2009–2010 Nikolai Evgenyevich Tyurin
- 2010 Vladimir Igorevich Shevchenko
- 2010–2015 Yuri Fedorowitsch Koslow
- since 2015 Viktor Yuryevich Yegorychev
meaning
The Russian theoretical physicists Lew Landau (ITEP considers itself in the tradition of the Landau school) and Isaak Jakowlewitsch Pomeranschuk , who led a seminar here from the 1950s, were of decisive importance . The well-known textbook on quantum electrodynamics by Alexander Iljitsch Achijeser and WB Berestezki was written at the institute in 1953. The ITEP achieved successes e.g. B. with scientists such as Michail Schifman , Boris Joffe , Arkady Vainshtein , Michail Woloschin , Victor A. Novikov and Valentin Iwanowitsch Sakharow (Zakharov) in quantum chromodynamics in the 1980s. Other theorists were Wadim Knischnik , Alexei Morosow , Igor Kritschewer and Sergei Gukow in the field of string theory, quantum field theory and mathematical physics, Alexander Dmitrijewitsch Dolgow in cosmology, Igor Kobsarew , Michael Marinov . Other important theoretical physicists at the institute were Karen Avetowitsch Ter-Martirosjan and Lev Okun , who were both responsible for the selection of scientists during the Soviet Union, which at that time was tantamount to a strict "screening".
Pomeranchuk Prize
ITEP has been awarding the Pomeranchuk Prize ( Russian: Премия Померанчука ) since 1998 in honor of Isaak Jakowlewitsch Pomeranschuk . Award winners have been:
- 1998 Sidney Drell , Alexander Iljitsch Achijeser
- 1999 Karen Ter-Martirosjan , Gabriele Veneziano
- 2000 Jewgeni Lwowitsch Feinberg , James Bjorken
- 2001 Lev Nikolajewitsch Lipatow , Tullio Regge
- 2002 Bryce DeWitt , Ludwig Faddejew
- 2003 Valery Anatolyevich Rubakov , Freeman Dyson
- 2004 Alexander Fyodorowitsch Andrejew , Alexander Polyakow
- 2005 Iossif Chriplowitsch , Arkady Vainshtein
- 2006 Wadim Kusmin , Howard Georgi
- 2007 Alexander Belawin , Yōichirō Nambu
- 2008 Leonard Susskind , Lew Borissowitsch Okun
- 2009 Boris Joffe , Nicola Cabibbo
- 2010 Valentin Ivanovich Sakharov , André Martin
- 2011 Heinrich Leutwyler , Semjon Gerschtein
- 2012 Spartak Belyayev , Juan Maldacena
- 2013 Andrey Slavnov , Michail Schifman
- 2014 Leonid Keldysch , Alexander Samolodtschikow
- 2015 Stanley J. Brodsky , Victor Fadin
- 2016 Curtis Callan , Juri Antonowitsch Simonow
- 2017 Juri Kagan , Igor Klebanov
- 2018 Giorgio Parisi , Lev Petrovich Pitajewski
- 2019 Roger Penrose , Vladimir Stepanowitsch Popow
- 2020 Sergio Ferrara , Michail Andrejewitsch Wassiliew
Web links
Remarks
- ↑ Schifman in the introduction to his ITEP Lectures 1995 ( Memento of the original dated February 7, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Лауреаты Премии Исаака Померанчука – 2019. In: itep.ru. May 20, 2019, Retrieved July 13, 2019 (Russian).
- ↑ Объявлены лауреаты премии им. Померанчука. In: atomic-energy.ru. May 19, 2020, accessed June 7, 2020 (Russian).