Gaetano De Sanctis
Gaetano De Sanctis (born October 15, 1870 in Rome , † April 9, 1957 there ) was an Italian ancient historian .
He came from a family who had served in the administration of the Papal States and who opposed the unified Italian state of 1861. After attending a church school, he passed the Abitur examination as an external student and studied at the University of Rome with Karl Julius Beloch . After the laurea in 1892, he received a travel grant for Greece in 1895. On his return he acquired the libera docenza , but an appointment to the chair of Ancient History at the University of Padua failed because of the ministry's objection. In 1899 he accompanied Federico Halbherr on his excavations in Crete. In 1900 he received the Chair of Ancient History at the University of Turin . In the meantime, his History of the Athenian Republic and Studies on the Lapis Niger had appeared. In Turin he turned to Roman history, first with a violent criticism of Guglielmo Ferrero . His opposition to Italy's entry into World War I was also reflected in the book on the Punic Wars. For the successor to Beloch, who had been banned from teaching after the outbreak of war and had been deposed after Caporetto , De Sanctis seemed to have the majority of the Appeals Committee on his side, but the Minister of Education Agostino Berenini appointed Ettore Pais as his successor.
De Sanctis was involved in the Partito Popolare Italiano , but was twice defeated in the elections to the House of Representatives; his election to the Turin city council was annulled in 1920 due to a formal error. He hoped that the monarchy would provide resistance against fascism . In 1923 he started the new series of Rivista di Filologia e di Istruzione Classica with Augusto Rostagni . In the academic year 1928/29, Beloch's teaching ended, who had been reinstated at the instigation of Giovanni Gentile , and De Sanctis was appointed as successor to the chair of Greek history at the University of Rome. For the second volume of the Propylaea World History by Walter Goetz , he wrote a contribution about Roman imperialism, which was not published in the Italian original.
Since De Sanctis refused the oath of allegiance to fascism, he was suspended as a professor in 1931 and expelled from the Accademia dei Lincei in 1935 , of which he had been a corresponding member since 1920 and as a socio nazionale since 1932 . In 1945, like the other excluded anti-fascists or Jews, he was reinstated by law. He had regained his chair in Rome for life in 1944. In 1950 Gaetano De Sanctis was appointed Senator for Life . From 1947 to 1954 he was President of the Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana . In 1952 he became a corresponding member of the British Academy .
literature
- Piero Treves: De Sanctis, Gaetano. In: Massimiliano Pavan (ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 39: Deodato-DiFalco. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 1991, pp. 297-309.
Web links
- Writings by and about Gaetano De Sanctis in the SBBPK
- Publications by Gaetano De Sanctis in the Opac des Servizio Bibliotecario Nazionale
- Standard entry in the Servizio Bibliotecario Nazionale Italian
- Entry in the Italian Senate
Individual evidence
- ^ Deceased Fellows. British Academy, accessed May 20, 2020 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | De Sanctis, Gaetano |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Italian historian, senator for life |
| DATE OF BIRTH | October 15, 1870 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Rome |
| DATE OF DEATH | April 9, 1957 |
| Place of death | Rome |