Superior mesenteric ganglion

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Cat anterior abdominal aortic region.
1 Crus sinistrum (diaphragm), 2 Hiatus aorticus, 3 Aorta, 5 Nervus splanchnicus major, 6 Arteria coeliaca, 8 Ganglion celiacum, 9 Plexus celiacus, 10 Ganglion mesentericum craniale , 11 Plexus mesentericus cranialis, 12 Arteria mesentericus minor 13 , 14 adrenal gland, 15 cranial abdominal artery (15 'diaphragmatic load), 16 stomach, 17 liver (caudate lobe), 18 kidney

The ganglion mesentericum superius (known as ganglion mesentericum craniale in animals ) is a sympathetic ganglion in the upper (in animals: anterior) abdominal cavity . It is located at the exit of the artery of the same name from the aorta and represents a prevertebral ganglion ( ganglion prevertebrale ).

The cell bodies of the sympathetic root cells are located in the lateral horn of the spinal cord . Some of the neurites (nerve processes) from the lower thoracic (humans 9-11, horses 16-18) or anterior lumbar section (dog, cat, cattle, sheep, goat, pig) pass through the trunk without switching and pull as a nerve splanchnicus minor to the ganglion mesentericum superius.

Most of the neurons are switched in the ganglion and the now post- synaptic , secondary neurons form a network around the artery, the superior mesenteric plexus (animals: cranial mesenteric plexus ). Together with the celiac plexus of the neighboring celiac ganglion, this forms the solar plexus ( plexus solaris ). Some of the fibers run through the ganglion without switching and innervate the adrenal medulla .

The vegetative nerve fibers, accompanying the blood vessels , run from the solar plexus to the upper sections of the intestine. The superior mesenteric ganglion and celiac ganglion are both afferent and efferent with the organs and form a functional unit. They act as the first processing station for control circuits of the abdominal organs and coordinate the activity of the enteric nervous system .

literature

  • Franz-Viktor Salomon: nervous system, systema nervosum. In: F.-V. Salomon et al. (Ed.): Anatomy for veterinary medicine . 2nd ext. Edition. Enke, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-8304-1075-1 , pp. 464-577.
  • Michael Schünke among others: Prometheus learning atlas of anatomy. Throat and internal organs. Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-13-139531-1 .