Gartenfeldplatz
The garden field space is a space in the Mainz district Neustadt , which in the context of urban expansion after French German War was 1870-71.
location
The square is located in the south-eastern part of Neustadt, within walking distance of the main train station . It is bordered on both narrow sides by Frauenlobstraße and Kurfürstenstraße. The end of Gartenfeldstrasse and the beginning of Nackstrasse form the long sides of the typical town square of the late 19th century. Thus, the square also interrupts the long street lines without significantly disrupting the symmetry of the urban planning approach.
history
Origin of name
The square was named after the "Gartenfeld", the northern fortress area of the city , which had to remain largely undeveloped for centuries, not least for reasons of defense. On the area several meters lower than today, private kitchen gardens predominated, which ensured the local supply of the garrison town. The garden field was also popular for promenading, especially since it was criss-crossed by a few shady avenues. Up until the 19th century, buildings that were exceptionally tolerated were only allowed to be erected upon revocation and only in half-timbered houses or exclusively in wood. The reason was that in the event of a defense, the structures had to be demolished quickly in order to create a clear field of fire. When, however, towards the middle of the 19th century, the development of guns with a longer range had made the previous system of ramparts and trenches obsolete, the Mainz-based people urged the military authorities to be allowed to use the garden field without restrictions.
Development plan 1872
In 1872, city architect Eduard Kreyssig had drawn up his final development plan for the New Town of Mainz. He envisaged the filling of the entire garden field as a prerequisite for structural use. The new district should have a block structure with a network-like, hierarchically structured street system. One of the characteristic elements was the differentiation of the street widths, with the main axes being designed as avenues. In order to preserve green spaces, individual areas were left out of the development. This also included the Gartenfeldplatz. It was already included in the alignment plan of 1875, but could only be completed around 1900. As is typical of the time, it had a wrought-iron enclosure. In addition to generous lawns, individual groups of trees and shrubs dominated the vegetation. In the middle of the square there was an open area with benches and a water-bound ceiling. There was a row of trees along each of the sidewalks. On the southern edge of the square there was a kiosk where you could buy sweets and refreshments.
today
After the Second World War, the Gartenfeldplatz lost more and more of its attractiveness and thus its popularity, despite some redesigns. It was only through the inclusion of Gartenfeldplatz in the federal “ Socially Integrative City ” program that its redesign could be financed. This included the underground laying of standing on the north side of the square transformer station . This was preceded by extensive public participation. It was organized by the youth welfare office of the city of Mainz together with the district management of Neustadt. The municipal green office was in charge of the design planning. The division of the square into two areas is based on the original concept from around 1900. The same applies to the separate lounge area in the middle of the square.
Together with the largely preserved pre-war buildings, of two to five-storey old buildings, the square still conveys a vivid picture of an urban development solution of historicism , which was based on the plans for Paris, Berlin and Munich that were developed at the same time.
As a monument zone, Gartenfeldplatz is one of the cultural monuments in the district . The construction of residential buildings began its proximity to the old town directly, he was one of the first places Mainzer of the period with the investment of the new city from 1875. In the early 20th century urban planning completed. The place was named in 1901 and thus only after the death of the leading city planner Eduard Kreyssig . In the 1960s, the original square was redesigned. However, the increasing demand for parking space counteracted the original intention to provide a place to relax for people in the multi-storey buildings around the space. Gartenfeldplatz was re-planned between 2006 and 2008 with funds from the “ Socially Integrative City ” program and redesigned by Wolfgang Reichel with the help of the founding department . A multifunctional playing field has been created that is supposed to meet the great demand for play and open spaces in the Neustadt district of Mainz. A previously obstructing transformer building was partially sunk, clad with wood and now serves as a seat.
The Mainz stone sculptor Ludwig Lipp senior set up his workshop in the backyard of a building that borders the square.
Today, Gartenfeldplatz reflects the characteristics of the Neustadt with its traffic-calmed streets, pubs and cafes, small shops and small craft businesses.
Cultural monuments
Gartenfeldplatz monument zone: (Gartenfeldplatz, Gartenfeldstraße with buildings on the corners of Adam-Karillon-Straße, Frauenlobstraße and Kurfürstenstraße): Historicism plaza with the road leading to it, development began directly with the Neustadt area from 1875, closed space wall made of two to five-story residential buildings, of particular importance in terms of urban history and urban development. As well as the following individual monuments:
- Gartenfeldplatz 3: small house with richly decorated entrance axis, 1884, architect Jacob Prestel
- Gartenfeldplatz 5: three-storey late historical house, 1884, architect Jacob Prestel, 1902 extension and heightening
- Gartenfeldplatz 7: five-storey residential and commercial building, neo-Gothic forms, 1902, architect Johann Schreyer
- Gartenfeldplatz 8: five-story Art Nouveau building, 1904, architect Peter Scheuren
- Gartenfeldplatz 10: five-storey house with a sandstone-framed brick facade, 1904, architect Carl Martin Wirth , single-storey studios in the courtyard, wooden buildings with glass skylights, 1905
- Gartenfeldstraße 3 - three-and-a-half-storey house with a classicist facade, 1878, architect Johann Hessel
- Gartenfeldstrasse 6 - four-story house, neo-renaissance, 1885, architect Zulehner & Cie.
- Gartenfeldstraße 9 - four-story corner house with a mansard roof, 1891, architect Carl Martin Wirth
- Gartenfeldstrasse 10: four-storey corner house, brick building with mansard roof, neo-renaissance, 1894, architect Oscar Hauswald
- Gartenfeldstrasse 16 - four-storey row house with a classicist facade, 1882, architect Peter Gustav Rühl
- Gartenfeldstrasse 20: four-storey plastered building, 1875, architect Friedrich Tetzloff , shop fitting 1889, restaurant 1905
- Gartenfeldstrasse 22 - four-storey corner residential and commercial building with a mansard roof, 1876, architect Peter Gustav Rühl
literature
- Angela Schumacher, Ewald Wegner (editor): Cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 2.1: City of Mainz. City expansions in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1986. ISBN 3-590-31032-4
- Dieter Krienke (editor): Cultural monuments in Rhineland-Palatinate. Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. Volume 2.3: City of Mainz. Suburbs; with supplements to Volume 2.1 and Volume 2.2. Werner, Worms 1997. ISBN 3-88462-140-8
- General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate (ed.): Informational directory of cultural monuments - district-free city of Mainz. Mainz 2020, p. 19 f. (PDF; 5.4 MB).
- Notice board "Historisches Mainz" at Gartenfeldplatz
Web links
- Stefanie Gundel: Platzgeschichten - The Gartenfeldplatz in the Neustadt in: Der Mainzer , Heft 246 online
Coordinates: 50 ° 0 ′ 19.7 ″ N , 8 ° 15 ′ 38 ″ E