Building of the first Serbian observatory

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Building of the first Serbian observatory
Building of the first Serbian observatory

Building of the first Serbian observatory

Data
place Bulevar oslobođenja 8, Belgrade
architect Dimitrije T. Leko
Construction year 1891
Coordinates 44 ° 47 '56 "  N , 20 ° 27' 52.3"  E Coordinates: 44 ° 47 '56 "  N , 20 ° 27' 52.3"  E
particularities
Cultural monument
First Serbian Observatory, Belgrade

The building of the first Serbian observatory is located in Belgrade , in Bulevar oslobođenja 8, and is one of the cultural monuments of great importance .

History and appearance

The building of the meteorological observatory was built in the years 1890 to 1891 as a pavilion with one floor , which has a smaller area than the floor plan. It was created based on the project of the architect Dimitrije T. Leko and based on a sketch by its founder and director, Professor Milan Nedeljković. Thanks to his efforts, the observatory was equipped with the latest measuring equipment. Its construction coincided with the emergence of this type of institution in the developed countries of Europe .

Interest in meteorology in Serbia began in the middle of the 19th century. It is very likely that Vladimir Jakšić, professor at the Belgrade Vocational School and Grand School, founder of statistics , was the first man to study meteorology in Serbia. After returning to Belgrade in 1847, after completing his training in Germany and Austria, he began daily meteorological research and measurements in Belgrade.

In his diaries on meteorological observations, climatology and statistical work, Vladimir Jakšić left valuable information about the climate and hydrological phenomena of his time. In the 1880s, the Department of Astronomy and Meteorology was established at the Great School. The arrival of Milan Nedeljković as professor of astronomy and meteorology is one of the most important moments in the development of science in Serbia .

“Milan Nedeljković, as a brilliant connoisseur of the state of meteorology in the world at that time and its great importance in the field of science, as well as in the development of various branches of industry, tirelessly developed the establishment of a modern observatory for meteorological and astronomical observations and tests, established and worked for the maintenance of systematic meteorological observations throughout Serbia and continued the pioneering work of Vladimir Jakšić, his predecessor in this field. ”The first task that Milan Nedeljković considered important was the construction of the observatory and meteorological stations throughout Serbia. Due to his efforts, the Minister of Education decided in 1887 that a meteorological and astronomical observatory should be built for the Kingdom of Serbia in a private house in the municipality of Vračar . The house of G. Geisler in southwest Vračar was used for this purpose. Today it is 63 Svetozar Marković Street.

Milan Nedeljković continued the fight for a permanent observatory of the Great School, so he received the land for its construction from the Belgrade Municipality, on the highest point of western Vračar. Another important thing that had to be resolved after acquiring the property was raising the building. To this end, and through the efforts of Mailan Nedeljković, the Ministry of Education sent the drawing of the building to the Ministry of Construction, or the architectural department of that Ministry, who then used the drawing to create a detailed plan of the building. The building was finally built in 1891 based on the project by the architect Dimitrije T. Leko.

It was done in the spirit of romance . It was specially built for meteorological and astronomical observations, which also owes its special architectural design. It is a free-standing building designed as a pavilion building with a park formed around it. The main facade ends with prongs that form the attic and terrace railing, those above part of the attic and the other facades end with stepped gables. Windows on the ground floor and the front door are arched. The facade decoration consists of window frames and the protruding horizontal stripes on the walls.

Conservation and restoration work was carried out from 1987 to 1988.

The building of the meteorological observatory was built in a timely manner as in the developed countries of Europe. At the time of construction, it was the first building specifically dedicated to meteorological and astronomical observations in Serbia.

The meteorological observatory trains the best professionals in the region. The educational center, together with the Department of Meteorology and Astronomy at the Great School, produced a number of recognized and well-known experts. The historical significance of this building is diverse. First of all, the meteorological observatory represents the achievements of the society of its time. Overall, the building is a successful architectural achievement by Dimitrije T. Leko and a significant result of Serbian architecture . Because of its cultural-historical, social and architectural values, the building of the first Serbian observatory, Bulevar oslobođenja 8, was declared a Cultural Asset of Great Importance in 1979.

See also

literature

  1. ^ Belgrade City Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monuments
  2. ↑ a b Milan Nedeljković: Opservatorija Velike škole meteorološke stacije . Dokumentacioni centar Zavoda za zaštitu spomenika kulture grada Beograda, Beograd 1963.
  3. ^ Documentacioni centar Zavoda za zaštitu spomenika kulture grada Beograda. .
  4. ↑ a b Borivoje Dobrilović: Katedra za meteorologiju , Sto godina Filozofskog fakulteta 1963.
  5. ^ Marija Ivanović: Architect Dimitrije T. Leko, Godišnjak grada Beograda , LI . 2004.
  6. ↑ Divna Đurić Zamolo: Graditelji Beograda 1815-1914 2009, pp. 208-217.

Individual evidence