Gebhard Kromer

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Gebhard Kromer (born June 17, 1821 in Bombach ; † August 21, 1849 in Freiburg im Breisgau ) was a soldier from Baden who took part in the Baden Revolution of May 1849 and was therefore executed under civil law.

Life

Gebhard Kromer was born in 1821 as the illegitimate child of Magdalena Wehrle and Joseph Kromer under the name Gebhard Wehrle , but later named himself after his father. He was noticed as the spokesman for the 1848 revolution at soldiers' meetings in Rohrbach near Heidelberg. On May 10, 1849 in Freiburg on the Kanonenplatz of the Schlossberg, at such a gathering of the Freiburg garrison under the direction of Karl von Rotteck junior, the Republicans fraternized with the soldiers of the 2nd Baden Infantry Regiment , which Kromer also belonged to. The soldiers decided not to shoot at the people and to choose their officers themselves.

After the front of the revolutionaries in North Baden collapsed, the revolutionary government fled to Freiburg on June 25, 1849 and with it units of the revolutionary troops. On June 28, a constituent assembly met in the Basler Hof in Freiburg, which, at the request of Gustav Struve , decided to continue the war against the enemies of German unity and freedom with all possible means . Colonel Franz Sigel took command of the remaining revolutionary army.

In the first days of July, the last contingent of the revolutionary troops of about 4,000 men in Friborg gave way to the advancing Prussian intervention troops, moved to the Swiss border and disbanded. Many revolutionaries, including Karl von Rotteck junior, were able to flee. After General Moritz von Hirschfeld entered Freiburg with 7,000 men on July 7th without a fight, Kromer was caught. Accused "that he repeatedly induced the soldiers to breach their loyalty and to dismiss their officers, called on them in public speeches to fight against the troops advancing to restore the lawful government, and finally even in the ranks of the rebellious troops as a corporal to fight against large Saxony participated ”, sentenced him to death by shooting on August 20, 1849, a court martial in which a Prussian was the judge and Baden prosecutor and defense attorney for breach of loyalty and participation in the“ highly treasonable riot ”. Kromer was shot the following day in the Wiehre cemetery, where the Prussians had previously executed Maximilian Dortu and Friedrich Neff .

Commemoration

In Freiburg there has been a Gebhard-Kromer-Straße in the Sankt Georgen district since 2007. In 2014, a memorial stone was erected on the summer heap in Bombach.

literature

  • Hellmuth Wetz: The volleys of the Prussian pelotons crashed three times in 1849 at the old cemetery in the Wiehre near Freiburg. In: Badische Heimat. My home country. Issue 2/1974, pp. 221–248, here in particular pp. 239–247.
  • Baden conditions. In: Die Volkshalle of August 26, 1849, p. 377 ( digitized in the Google book search; press release about the execution).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ see Freiburg State Archives: Bombach, Kenzingen EM; Catholic community: Birth register 1810-1843, image 71, entry no.17
  2. ↑ see Freiburg State Archives: Wiehre FR; Catholic community: registry book 1844-1870, image 202
  3. ↑ Heinz Siebold and Ulrike Rödling, The Voice of Freedom , Freiburg Almanac 1999, Poppen and Ortmann 1999
  4. ^ Frank Engehausen: Brief history of the revolution 1848/49 in Baden. B. Braun Buchverlag, Karlsruhe 2010, ISBN 978-3-7650-8596-3 , pp. 182-184.
  5. ↑ http://www.news-aus-baden.de/?id=11406
personal data
SURNAME Kromer, Gebhard
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Wehrle, Gebhard
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German revolutionary
DATE OF BIRTH June 17, 1821
PLACE OF BIRTH Bombach
DATE OF DEATH August 21, 1849
Place of death Freiburg in Breisgau