Prison system in the People's Republic of China

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The prison system of the People's Republic of China is part of the legal system of the People's Republic of China . The jurisdiction by the people's courts is regulated by the “Organization Act for People's Courts”, which has guaranteed the right to a defense since 1982. The current prison system in China is based on the "Prison Law of the People's Republic of China" of December 20, 1994.

In 2004 there were 644,248 criminal proceedings in the first instance in the local courts . According to the Chinese government, there are 1.5 million people in prisons.

Forced labor is used for education , which also serves to save costs for the state and to make contributions to the state budget. The products are also exported abroad.

The Laogai Research Foundation assumes that there are currently 4 to 6 million forced laborers and has recorded over 1,000 Laogai camps in China.

Human rights organizations and the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement are not allowed to visit prisoners in China.

Executions

There is no official information on the number of people executed in China. Amnesty International put the executed death sentences at 3,400 in 2004 and 1,770 in 2005. Other organizations estimate the number to be even higher. According to Günter Kirste, who was the medical director of the German Organ Transplantation Foundation until 2013 , the removal of organs from those executed in the People's Republic of China is "well known".

literature

  • Jean-Luc Domenach: The forgotten archipelago. Prisons and camps in the People's Republic of China , Hamburg: Hamburger Edition, 1995
  • Liao Yiwu : For a song and a hundred songs: A witness report from Chinese prisons , Frankfurt am Main: Fischer Taschenbuch Verlag, 2012
  • Klaus Mühlhahn : Criminal Justice in China: A History , Harvard UP, 2009
  • Philip F. Williams, Yenna Wu: The Great Wall of Confinement: The Chinese Prison Camp Through Contemporary Fiction and Reportage , University of California Press, 2004
  • Harry Wu : Bitter Winds , German only the wind is free. My years in China's Gulag , Frankfurt am Main and Berlin: Ullstein, 1994
  • Harry Wu: Retour au Laogai: La vérité sur les camps de la mort dans la Chine d'aujourd'hui , Paris: Belfond, 2004

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ China Internet Information Center: China's Legal System
  2. ↑ China Internet Information Center: China's Legal System . The prison system
  3. ^ "Building political democracy in China" in the press office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China ( Memento from June 6, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
  4. ^ Tibet Initiative Germany: Those who keep silent are guilty. March 2005
  5. ↑ Organ trafficking in China: Execution to order? In: Deutsche Welle , date? ( online )