Yellow-shouldered bats

Yellow-shouldered bats
Sturnira lilium
Systematics
Superordinate : Laurasiatheria Order : Bats (chiroptera) Superfamily : Hare's mouths (Noctilionoidea) Family : Leaf noses (Phyllostomidae) Subfamily : Fruit vampires (Stenodermatinae) Genre : Yellow-shouldered bats
Scientific name
Sturnira
Gray , 1842

Yellow-shouldered bats ( Sturnira ) are a species of bat within the subfamily fruit vampires . The genus includes about 24 species that occur in Central and South America .

The scientific name of the genus is formed from the Latin name of the star bird . It refers to the ship HMS Starling , which took part in the 1836 expedition that led to the discovery of the type species .

Yellow-shouldered bats reach a head-trunk length of 51 to 101 mm and a forearm length of 34 to 61 mm; the base of the tail is not externally visible. Most species weigh between 15 and 25 g. In contrast, Sturnira magna weighs up to 45 g and Sturnira aratathomasi can reach a weight of 67 g. Generally the fur is brown in color, occasionally with gray or pink tones. There are also species that change their coat color during the year. The German trivial name refers to yellow or reddish tufts of hair on the shoulders, which occur in many specimens and are reminiscent of epaulettes . The nasal blade typical of the family is present in all species. Representatives of the subgenus Corvira have only two lower incisors , all others have four.

These bats live in humid habitats that vary between forests and open landscapes. They rest in tree hollows and buildings. Their diet consists mainly of fruits. The mating season depends on the species and the distribution area. There are species that have several mating seasons per year. A litter generally consists of one cub.

There are currently 24 species described, divided into two sub-genera.

• Subgenus Sturnira
  • Sturnira angeli
  • Sturnira aratathomasi , Colombia .
  • Sturnira bakeri
  • Sturnira bogotensis , Northeast South America.
  • Sturnira burtonlimi
  • Sturnira erythromos , northeast South America.
  • Sturnira giannae
  • Sturnira hondurensis
  • Sturnira koopmanhilli
  • Sturnira lilium , Mexico to northern Argentina .
  • Sturnira ludovici , Mexico to Ecuador and Guyana .
  • Sturnira luisi , Costa Rica to Peru .
  • Sturnira magna , Northeast South America.
  • Sturnira mistratensis , Colombia.
  • Sturnira mordax , Costa Rica and Panama .
  • Sturnira oporaphilum , Ecuador to northern Argentina.
  • Sturnira parvidens
  • Sturnira paulsoni
  • Sturnira perla
  • Sturnira sorianoi .
  • Sturnira thomasi , Guadeloupe and Montserrat .
  • Sturnira tildae , northern South America.

• Subgenus Corvira
  • Sturnira bidens , Northeast South America.
  • Sturnira nana , Peru.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Paúl M. Velazco , Bruce D. Patterson : Small Mammals of the Mayo River Basin in Northern Peru, with the Description of a New Species of Sturnira (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 2019 (429 ): 1–70, 2019. doi : 10.1206 / 0003-0090.429.1.1
2. ^ Molinari & Soriano (1987) Sturnira bidens . In: Mammalian Species . No. 276, pp. 1-4.
3. ↑ ^{a b} Ronald M. Nowak: Walker's Mammals of the World. Volume 1, 6th edition, 1999, ISBN 0-8018-5789-9 , p. 385 ff.
4. ↑ ^{a b} Sturnira in the IUCN 2014 Red List of Threatened Species . Accessed November 19, 2014.
5. ↑ Don E. Wilson , DeeAnn M. Reeder (Ed.): Mammal Species of the World . A taxonomic and geographic Reference . 3. Edition. 2 volumes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore MD 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4 (English, Sturnira ).

Web links

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