Georgi Damyanov
Georgi Parwanow Damjanow ( Bulgarian Георги Първанов Дамянов ; born September 23, 1892 in Lopuschna , Montana Oblast , † November 28, 1958 in Sofia ) was a Bulgarian politician ( BKP ). He was a functionary of the Comintern , Bulgarian Defense Minister and from 1950 until his death in 1958 Bulgarian head of state .
Life
Damyanov, son of a poor peasant family, attended grammar school in Wraza . He worked as a teacher, then as a postman. In 1912 he joined the Bulgarian Social Democratic Labor Party (Engsozialisten), from which in 1919 the Bulgarian Communist Party (BKP) emerged. He took part in the First World War and agitated among soldiers at the front. Between 1919 and 1923 he was a member of the local leadership of the BKP in Wraza and was elected to the city council.
Damyanov was one of the co-organizers of the September uprising of 1923 in Wraza and was battalion commander. After the suppression of the uprising, Damyanov emigrated to Yugoslavia , but returned illegally to Bulgaria in 1924 to rebuild the party in the illegality of northwestern Bulgaria. He was twice sentenced to death in absentia for his political activities . In 1925 he emigrated to the Soviet Union via Yugoslavia . He received Soviet citizenship and a passport in the name of Georgi Below . In 1929 he graduated from the Frunze Military Academy in Moscow , where he worked as a teacher from 1932 to 1934. In 1935 he was elected to the central committee of the BKP and returned illegally to Bulgaria. Between 1935 and 1937 he stayed in Bulgaria and from 1936 in Spain . There he inspected the International Brigades as General Below during the Spanish Civil War . In 1937 he returned to the USSR. From 1937 to 1944 he was a member of the BKP's international office. From 1937 to 1943 he was a senior staff member of the Executive Committee of the Communist International (EKKI), in 1937/1938 and 1942/1943 he was deputy head of the executive department of the EKKI.
Immediately after the uprising of September 9, 1944, Damyanov returned to Bulgaria. From 1944 to 1946 he was head of the military department in the central committee of the BKP, from May 1945 he was a member of the Politburo of the central committee of the BKP. From November 1946 to May 1950 he was Minister for National Defense. On May 27, 1950 he was elected Chairman of the Presidium of the National Assembly of VR Bulgaria (Head of State).
Awards and honors
- Order of Lenin (1957)
- Georgi Dimitrov Order (1952, 1957)
- Hero of the Socialist Work of the VR Bulgaria (1957).
Damyanov's birthplace Lopuschna was renamed Georgi Damjanowo ( Bulgarian Георги Дамяново ) after his death .
literature
- Entry: Дамянов, Георги Пырванов . In: Большая советская энциклопедия . Third edition. Издательство "Советская энциклопедия", Moscow 1969–1978 (Russian).
- Entry: Дамянов, Георги Пырванов . In: Советская историческая энциклопедия (1973–1982; Russian).
- Georgi Dimitrov : Diaries 1933–1943 . Volume 2: Comments and materials on the 1933–1943 diaries . Edited by Bernhard H. Bayerlein. Structure, Berlin 2000, p. 432f.
Individual evidence
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Chairman of the Provisional Presidium: Wassil Kolarow (1946–1947)
Chairman of the Presidium of the National Assembly: Mintscho Nejtschew (1947–1950) | Georgi Damyanov (1950–1958) | Dimitar Ganew (1958–1964) | Georgi Trajkov (1964–1971)
Chairwoman of the State Council: Todor Zhivkov (1971–1989) | Petar Mladenow (1989–1990)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Damyanov, Georgi |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Damianov, Georgi Parvanov; Дамянов, Георги Първанов (Bulgarian); Below, Georgi (pseudonym) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Bulgarian politician and head of state (1950–1958) |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 23, 1892 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Lopuschna , Montana Oblast |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 28, 1958 |
| Place of death | Sofia |