Layer boundary cavity

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A layer boundary cave or rock boundary cave is understood to be a cavity ( cave ) running at the interface between two different rocks along the course of the layer of the cave- forming rock .

In general, cave spaces are designated as layer joint caves on the stratification of the bedrock or on the boundary surfaces of two similar karstification-capable rocks. These caves often have lenticular or flat elliptical passageway cross-sections that can merge into wide crevices without precisely identifiable lateral boundary lines. Rock boundary caves are formed at the interfaces between a rock capable of karstification and a rock that is less or not capable of karstification, such as in the Schrattenkalk above water- retaining Drusberg layers ( marl ). In the case of undisturbed storage conditions, this interface corresponds to a layer joint . The course of the rock stratification can then be recognized by the even incline of the tunnel floor.

Layer joint cavities occur in layered (banked) sedimentary rocks (tabular lands, fold mountains). Many of the giant caves in the North American states of Indiana , Kentucky and Missouri , including the cave with the most extensive duct system on earth, the Flint Mammoth Cave System , and the longest cave in Europe, the Hölloch in the Muotatal (Switzerland), are for the most part caves created at layer joints.

literature

  • Hubert Trimmel (general editor): Specialist dictionary for karst and cave science. Annual booklet for karst and cave research No. 5 (1964), Association of German Cave and Karst Researchers eV, Blaubeuren 1964
  • Hubert Trimmel (general editor): Speleological specialist dictionary. Files of the 3rd International Congress of Speleology (Vienna-Obertraun-Salzburg 1961) Vol. C, Association of Austrian Speleologists, Regional Association for Speleology in Vienna and Lower Austria, Vienna 1965.
  • Hubert Trimmel: Speleology. Vieweg Verlag, Braunschweig 1968.
  • Alfred Bögli : Karst hydrography and physical speleology. Springer Verlag, Berlin / Heidelberg / New York 1978, ISBN 3-540-09015-0 , ( ISBN 0-387-09015-0 )
  • Hubert Trimmel: Speleology. Vieweg Verlag, 2nd edition, Braunschweig 1982, ISBN 3-5280-7126-5 .
  • Max H. Fink: The layering. Typical stratified room profiles. In: Günter Stummer (general editor): Leaflets on karst and cave science. 1st delivery, Association of Austrian Speleologists, Vienna 1982.
  • Hans Murawski, Wilhelm Meyer: Geological dictionary . Spectrum, Heidelberg 2004, ISBN 978-3-8274-1445-8 .
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  • Christiane Martin, Manfred Eiblmaier (Red.): Lexicon of Geosciences. (5 volumes + register volume on CD-ROM), Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg 2002, ISBN 3-8274-0427-4 .
  • Christiane Martin, Manfred Eiblmaier (Red.): Lexicon of Geosciences. (5 volumes + register volume + CD-ROM), Elsevier, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-8274-1655-8 .