Weight class
Weight classes are used in some martial arts , weightlifting , powerlifting and rowing to classify athletes. This is intended to compensate for benefits due to a higher body weight. The conscious reducing the body weight before a competition, in order to achieve a lower weight class is set as weight make referred to.
Boxing
Weight classes in Olympic boxing
In Olympic boxing (formerly: amateur boxing), the athlete's weight class is based on Section 21 of the competition regulations of the DBV and the AIBA . For men, all weight classes are Olympic, for women the weight classes 51 kg, 60 kg and 75 kg (marked in bold in the table).
- Weight classes according to AIBA (International Boxing Association) and DBV (German Boxing Association)
| Weight class | Youth & Men |
Youth & Women |
|---|---|---|
| Light flyweight | 46-49 kg | 45-48 kg |
| Flyweight | -52 kg | -51 kg |
| Bantamweight | -56 kg | -54 kg |
| Featherweight | - | -57 kg |
| lightweight | -60 kg | |
| Light welterweight | -64 kg | |
| Welterweight | -69 kg | |
| medium weight | -75 kg | |
| Light heavyweight | -81 kg | |
| Heavyweight | -91 kg | 81+ kg |
| Super heavyweight | 91+ kg | - |
Weight classes in professional boxing
The weight classes in professional boxing are named differently from organization to organization, but the limits are the same ( IBF , WBA , WBC , WBO ). Since there are no age groups in professional boxing, a distinction is only made according to gender. Because boxing comes from England, the professional classes are divided into English pounds.
Men
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Women
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Wrestling
Since 2002 wrestling has been in seven weight classes. The male juniors also wrestle in the adult weight classes.
| Weight class | Men | Women |
|---|---|---|
| Flyweight | -55 kg | -48 kg |
| Bantamweight | -60 kg | -51 kg |
| lightweight | -66 kg | -55 kg |
| Welterweight | -74 kg | -59 kg |
| medium weight | -84 kg | -63 kg |
| Light heavyweight | -96 kg | -67 kg |
| Heavyweight | -120 kg | -72 kg |
In this discipline, even the highest weight class has an upper limit.
Judo
Official weight classes of the German Judo Association (DJB) and fight time in minutes:
Boys / men
| Vintages | Weight classes | Time in minutes | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| U12 | 8-11 | Division into weight-related groups | 2 | ||||||||||||||
| U15 | 12-14 | 31 | 34 | 37 | 40 | 43 | 46 | 50 | 55 | 60 | 60+ | 3 | |||||
| team | 28-34 | 37 | 40 | 43 | 46 | 50 | 55+ | 3 | |||||||||
| U18 | 15-17 | 43 | 46 | 50 | 55 | 60 | 66 | 73 | 81 | 90 | 90+ | 4th | |||||
| team | 40-46 | 50 | 55 | 60 | 66 | 73 | 73+ | 4th | |||||||||
| U21 | 18-20 | 55 | 60 | 66 | 73 | 81 | 90 | 100 | 100+ | 4th | |||||||
| Men from 17 | 60 | 66 | 73 | 81 | 90 | 100 | 100+ | 4th | |||||||||
Girls / women
| Vintages | Weight classes | Time in minutes | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| U12 | 8-11 | Division into weight-related groups (?) | 2 | |||||||||||
| U15 | 11-14 | 30th | 33 | 36 | 40 | 44 | 48 | 52 | 57 | 63 | 63+ | 3 | ||
| team | 28-33 | 36 | 40 | 44 | 48 | 52 | 57 | 57+ | 3 | |||||
| U18 | 15-17 | 40 | 44 | 48 | 52 | 57 | 63 | 70 | 78 | 78+ | 4th | |||
| team | 36-44 | 48 | 52 | 57 | 63 | 70 | 70+ | 4th | ||||||
| U21 | 18-20 | 44 | 48 | 52 | 57 | 63 | 70 | 78 | 78+ | 4th | ||||
| Women from 17 | 48 | 52 | 57 | 63 | 70 | 78 | 78+ | 4th | ||||||
karate
There are two disciplines in karate championships. The discipline Kumite (free fight) and the discipline Kata. The kumite (free fight) was fought without weight classes until 1971, from 1972 in three weight classes and in an open class without weight restrictions, called all-category, until 2007 in six weight classes and all-category, from 2008 only in five weight classes and no more all-categories. Championships in the discipline Kata (fighting against imaginary opponents, with many different but precisely prescribed karate techniques, in different but precisely prescribed directions), is carried out without subdivisions into size or weight classes.
| Age groups | designation | Age | Weight graduation male | Weight classification female |
| student | U 14 | 11–13 years | -33, -38, -43, -48, -53, 53+ kg | -35, -40, -45, -50, 50+ kg |
| youth | U 16 | 14-15 years | -45, -52, -57, -63, -70, 70+ kg | -47, -54, 54+ kg |
| Juniors | U 18 | 16-17 years | -55, -61, -68, -76, 76+ kg | -48, -53, -59, 59+ kg |
| Performance class | from 18 | from 18 years | -60, -67, -75, -84, 84+ kg | -50, -55, -61, -68, 68+ kg |
| Master class | Over 30 | 30–39 years | -80, 80+ kg | -60, 60+ kg |
| Master class | Over 40 | 40-49 years | -80, 80+ kg | -60, 60+ kg |
| Master class | Over 50 | 50–59 years | -80, 80+ kg | - (does not exist) |
| Performance class | from 18 years | from 18 years | All category, open class | - (no weight limit, only existed until 2007) |
There are no weight classes in the Kumite team fights.
Weightlifting
Currently (as of November 2019) the following weight classes apply in weightlifting for seniors. There may be national weight classes for other age groups. The naming of the weight classes was officially given up in 1977; but since it is still used often, the terms are assigned to the corresponding classes.
| Men | -55 kg | -61 kg | -67 kg | -73 kg | -81 kg | -89 kg | -96 kg | -102 kg | -109 kg | 109+ kg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Name (until 1977) |
Flyweight | Bantam | feather | Light | medium | Semi- difficult |
Medium- difficult |
Heavy | 2. Difficult | Super difficult |
Since the weight classes of women were only introduced after the class names were abolished, the class boundaries are used here as a designation.
| Women | -45 kg | -49 kg | -55 kg | -59 kg | -64 kg | -71 kg | -76 kg | -81 kg | -87 kg | 87+ kg |
|---|
In order to be able to compare performance between different weight classes (and age groups), several accounting systems - e.g. B. according to relative points, according to Sinclair or according to Sinclair-Malone-Meltzer (taking age into account) - have been developed.
See also: relative scoring in weightlifting
Powerlifting
In powerlifting (powerlifting) of the leading associations are according to the requirements of Europe and the World Federation International Powerlifting Federation (IPF) since 2011, the following weight classes:
| Weight class | Men | Women |
|---|---|---|
| 1. | -53 kg | -43 kg |
| 2. | -59 kg | -47 kg |
| 3. | -66 kg | -52 kg |
| 4th | -74 kg | -57 kg |
| 5. | -83 kg | -63 kg |
| 6th | -93 kg | -72 kg |
| 7th | -105 kg | -84 kg |
| 8th. | -120 kg | 84+ kg |
| 9. | 120+ kg |
The weight classes women up to 43 kg and men up to 53 kg are only rated in the youth and junior area.
Powerlifting is part of the World Games program , but has other weight classes there that cover a larger weight range.
In order to be able to compare performance between different weight classes, the so-called Wilks points accounting system was developed.
MMA & Freefight
The division of male freefight fighters in the USA , Japan and Europe according to their personal weight was used at the beginning of the series of events only for theoretical purposes and for title fights at mixed martial arts events organized by organizations such as UFC , Pride FC , Cage Rage or K-1 . It used to be common for heavyweights to fight lightweights in MMA fights. For example, there was a fight between the Japanese Genki Sudo and the American Eric Esch at Premium Dynamite 2003 of the K-1 organization ; the weight difference between the two was more than 110 kg. Today all fights of the major organizers are divided into weight classes.
The Unified Rules, by which the large MMA organizations are based, know 9 weight classes:
| class | Upper weight limit in kg | In pounds |
|---|---|---|
| Straw weight | 52,163 kg | 115 lbs |
| Flyweight | 56.699 kg | 125 lbs |
| Bantamweight | 61.235 kg | 135 lbs |
| Featherweight | 65.771 kg | 145 lbs |
| lightweight | 70.307 kg | 155 lbs |
| Welterweight | 77.111 kg | 170 lbs |
| medium weight | 83.915 kg | 185 lbs |
| Light heavyweight | 92.986 kg | 205 lbs |
| Heavyweight | 120.202 kg | 265 lbs |
| Super heavyweight | > 120.202 kg | > 265 lbs |
Taekwondo
The eight and ten weight classes for men and women from 18 years of age and juniors from 14 to 17 years of age in Taekwondo competitions of the German Taekwondo Union (DTU) also comply with the rules of the World Taekwondo (WT) and the European Taekwondo Union ( ETU). There are a total of six age groups at the DTU, with comparable classifications in lighter weight classes for children and adolescents aged eight and over. In the Olympic Games , however, there are only four weight classes (men up to 58 kg, 68 kg, 80 kg, over 80 kg, women up to 49 kg, 57 kg, 67 kg, over 67 kg).
| Weight class | Men | Women | Juniors | Juniors |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Needle weight | -54 kg | -47 kg | -45 kg | -42 kg |
| Flyweight | -58 kg | -51 kg | -48 kg | -44 kg |
| Bantamweight | -62 kg | -55 kg | -51 kg | -46 kg |
| Featherweight | -67 kg | -59 kg | -55 kg | -49 kg |
| lightweight | -72 kg | -63 kg | -59 kg | -52 kg |
| Welterweight | -78 kg | -67 kg | -63 kg | -55 kg |
| Light middleweight | - | - | -68 kg | -59 kg |
| medium weight | -84 kg | -72 kg | -73 kg | -63 kg |
| Light heavyweight | - | - | -78 kg | -68 kg |
| Heavyweight | 84+ kg | 72+ kg | 78+ kg | 68+ kg |
rowing
In rowing, there is only one other class in addition to the general, weight-free class, the lightweight class, in which the weight of each individual rower, but also of the entire crew (in the case of 2, 4 and 8-person boats) is limited. These limits are still dependent on age and, in some cases, gender and range from 45 to 72.5 kg. Helmsmen and women must weigh at least 55 or 50 kg.
Boats with twice as many rowers are about 8% faster in theory and practice due to their higher efficiency. An eight is therefore around a quarter faster than a one. Model-based physical-theoretical considerations attribute a certain speed advantage to a higher body weight of the rower only under anaerobic stress - twice the body weight therefore provides 8% more boat speed. With aerobic performance, however, heavy and light rowers should drive equally fast. This is due to the fact that metabolic processes in the body only grow with the area, i.e. only with the 2/3 power of the body weight and heavier rowers push the boat deeper into the water and therefore have to overcome more flow resistance.
The weight make , so targeted reaching the lightweight limit, coming from above is regulated, involves health risks (eg., By dehydration, osteoporosis) and therefore takes place in some countries no lightweight rowing for juniors more.
Web links
- Taekwondo weight classes of the World Taekwondo Federation .
- AIBA Open Boxing (AOB). Competition Rules. Effective on August 23, 2013. online (PDF; 1.57 MB) . (Amateur boxing rules, including weight classes).
- Competition regulations of the German Boxing Association. Valid from June 21, 2014. online (PDF; 374 kB) . (Amateur boxing rules, including weight classes).
Individual evidence
- ^ AIBA Open Boxing (AOB). Competition Rules. Effective on August 23, 2013. online (PDF; 1.57 MB) .
- ↑ Competition regulations of the German Boxing Association. Valid from June 21, 2014. online (PDF; 374 kB) .
- ↑ Presentation of the DJB Referee Commission on the rule change from 2017. (PDF) In: http://judo-verband-berlin.de/ . DJB Judges' Commission, February 14, 2016, accessed on February 14, 2016 .
- ↑ Effect of Weight in Rowing In: Physics of Rowing, eodg.atm.ox.ac.uk, updated January 4, 2008, accessed October 4, 2016.