Giorgio Candeloro

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Giorgio Candeloro (born March 20, 1909 in Bologna , † September 27, 1988 in Rome ) was an Italian modern historian. His monumental Storia dell'Italia moderna is still regarded as a standard work in modern Italian history .

Life

Candeloro graduated from the University of Rome in 1930 with the fascist philosopher Giovanni Gentile with a thesis on Joseph de Maistre . His relationship with Gentile was personally close, but there are no apologetic remarks on Italian fascism in his writings at the time. In 1932 Candeloro became a high school teacher. In the same year he edited his translation of Alexis de Tocqueville's work On Democracy in America , which appeared in the series Classici del pensiero politico of the Istituto Nazionale Fascista di Cultura edited by Gentile . In 1935 he joined the Scuola Storica Gioacchino Volpes at the Istituto Storico Italiano per l'età moderna e contemporanea , where he also had contact with the historian Walter Maturi , who was then director of the library there. During the biennium 1943-45 Candeloro took part in the ranks of the Partito d'Azione in the Roman Resistancea . He later joined the Partito Comunista Italiano . Candeloro's essay Adolfo Omodeo storico del Risorgimento , published in 1949, is the first work to express his transition to Marxist historiography. From 1968 Candeloro taught at the University of Catania . From 1972 to 1979 he was Professor of Risorgimento History at the University of Pisa .

plant

Candeloro's monumental Storia dell'Italia moderna , on which he worked for over three decades, covers the period from 1700 to 1950 in eleven volumes. Candeloro originally planned only six volumes. As he himself explains in the foreword to the first volume, his presentation is based on Antonio Gramsci's Marxist interpretation of history . Candeloro emphasizes the importance of not only writing special studies, but also historical overviews that check the validity of interpretations and reveal research gaps in certain areas. It was his intention to write a synthesis that did not show the dryness and difficulty of special historical studies, but at the same time avoided the superficiality of handbooks and popular scientific presentations.

Rudolf Lill called Candeloros Storia dell'Italia moderna an "impressive synopsis of political, social and economic developments". In 2012, Maurizio Isabella described the work as “a still unrivaled and compulsory reference point for every student of the Risorgimento ”.

In 1964 , Ernesto Ragionieri characterized the style of portrayal as "simple, calm, with an objectivity rarely found in Italy, nonetheless personal, but without giving in to any literary pleasure".

Fonts

Monographs

  • Lo svolgimento del pensiero di Giuseppe de Maistre. Scuola di Filosofia della R. Università di Roma, 1931.
  • Il movimento cattolico in Italia. Edizioni Rinascita, Rome 1953.
  • Storia dell'Italia moderna. Feltrinelli , Milan 1956–1986
  1. Le origini del Risorgimento (1700-1815). 1956.
  2. Dalla Restaurazione alla Rivoluzione nazionale (1815–1846). 1958.
  3. La Rivoluzione nazionale (1846-1849). 1960.
  4. Dalla Rivoluzione nazionale all'unità (1849–1860) , Milano, Feltrinelli, 1964.
  5. La costruzione dello Stato Unitario (1860–1871). 1968.
  6. Lo sviluppo del capitalismo e del movimento operaio (1871-1896). 1970.
  7. La crisi di fine secolo e l'età giolittiana (1896-1914). 1974.
  8. La prima guerra mondiale, il dopoguerra, l'avvento del fascismo (1914-1922). 1978.
  9. Il fascismo e le sue guerre (1922-1939). 1981.
  10. La seconda guerra mondiale. Il crollo del fascismo. La Resistenta (1939-1945). 1984, ISBN 88-07-30010-9 .
  11. La fondazione della Repubblica e la ricostruzione. Considerazioni finali (1945-1950). 1986, ISBN 88-07-30011-7 .

Editorships

  • Alexis de Tocqueville : La democrazia in America. 3 vols., Edited and translated by Giorgio Candeloro, Licinio Cappelli 1932 (= Classici del pensiero politico ).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Fulvio De Giorgi: Be lettere di Giorgio Candeloro a Giovanni Gentile. In: Aevum 65 (1991), pp. 627-631, here p. 627.
  2. ↑ Vittorio Vidotto : Giorgio Candeloro. In: Enciclopedia Italiana , Vol. 5: Appendice ( online ).
  3. ↑ Ernesto Ragionieri : Storie del Risorgimento e storia d'Italia. In: Studi Storici 5 (1964), pp. 755-775, here p. 766.
  4. ↑ Vittorio Vidotto : Giorgio Candeloro. In: Enciclopedia Italiana , Vol. 5: Appendice ( online ).
  5. ^ Giorgio Candeloro: Storia dell'Italia moderna. Vol. 1: Le origini del Risorgimento (1700-1815). Feltrinelli, Milan 1956, pp. 9-12 (Prefazione).
  6. ^ Rudolf Lill : History of Italy in the modern age. 4th, revised edition, Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, Darmstadt 1988, p. 203.
  7. ^ Maurizio Isabella: Rethinking Italy's nation-building 150 years afterwards: the new Risorgimento Historiography. In: Past & Present 217 (2012), pp. 247–268, here p. 248. (“a still unrivaled and obligatory point of reference for any student of the Risorgimento”).
  8. ↑ Ernesto Ragionieri : Storie del Risorgimento e storia d'Italia. In: Studi Storici 5 (1964), pp. 755-775, here p. 755 (“semplice, piano, di una oggettività assai rara in Italia, tuttavia personale, ma senza indulgere ad alcuna forma di compiacimento letterario”).
personal data
SURNAME Candeloro, Giorgio
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Italian modern historian
DATE OF BIRTH March 20, 1909
PLACE OF BIRTH Bologna
DATE OF DEATH September 27, 1988
Place of death Rome