Glycolipids
Glycolipids (Greek glykys = sweet , lipos = fat ), also glycolipids or glycolipids, are phosphorus-free structural lipids or membrane lipids (components of cell membranes) in which one or more mono- or oligosaccharides are glycosidically bound to a lipid molecule. The lipid consists of fatty acids that are linked to glycerine via ester bonds or to sphingosine via amide bonds . Glycolipids are found in all tissues, but only on the outside of the lipid bilayer.
If the glycolipid contains glycerine, it is referred to as glyceroglycolipid and then belongs to the group of glycerolipids . Monogalactosyl diglycerides are the main lipids of chloroplast membranes.
In glycosphingolipids (also sphingoglycolipids or glycosylceramides ) an N-acylsphinganine derivative is glycosidically bound to a mono- or oligosaccharide. If the saccharide component is still esterified with sulfuric acid, these are also called sulfatides .
In cerebrosides , ceramide is linked with galactose or glucose to form galactocerebrosides or glucocerebrosides . These make up about 10% of the brain's dry matter . Sulphatides are also common in the brain and are characterized by the esterification of the C 6 atom with sulfuric acid.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Science online lexica: Entry on glycolipids in the lexicon of biology .
- ↑ Science online lexica: Entry on glycolipids in the lexicon of chemistry .
