Gnome Shell

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Gnome Shell

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GNOME Shell.png
Gnome Shell
Basic data

developer Gnomes
Publishing year March 3, 1999
Current  version 3.37.3
( July 7, 2020 )
operating system Unix-like with X11
programming language C , JavaScript
category Shell
License GPL v2
German speaking Yes
wiki.gnome.org/Projects/GnomeShell

The Gnome Shell is a component developed as part of Gnome that is responsible for the desktop environment in PCs with a Unix-like operating system .

history

The first concept for the Gnome Shell came about at the Gnome UI Hackfest 2008 in Boston.

After criticism of the classic Gnome desktop, the stagnation, the lack of vision of the project and the resulting discussion, the Gnome release team announced the development of Gnome 3.0 in April 2009. Since then, the development of the Gnome Shell has been increasingly driven by Red Hat.

Preliminary versions have been supplied with the Gnome program package since version 2.28 from September 2009. Since then, the release of the first finished version in tandem with Gnome 3.0 has been postponed several times. First it was supposed to take place in March 2010, then in September 2010. It was finally released on April 6, 2011 as the standard Gnome 3.0 interface.

In October 2010, the Linux distributor Canonical announced that it would not deliver the Gnome Shell as the standard Ubuntu interface. Instead, the in-house development Unity should take its place. However, since Canonical never participated in the Gnome Shell, its development is not influenced by this decision.

As of Ubuntu version 17.10, the Gnome Shell is delivered as a standard interface again.

Gnome Shell 3.2 was released on September 28, 2011. This version improves numerous small things that were criticized after the release of Gnome Shell 3.0. The most important innovation is the improved connection to cloud applications, since accounts with Google and other services are combined in the new program called Gnome Online Accounts.

features

Gnome Shell is based on a completely new concept, which aims to distract users as little as possible from their current activity.

The changes to the desktop environment include:

  • A new view Activities , which among other things replaces the functions of the taskbar , consisting of:
    • A quick launch bar to quickly start or change programs
    • An overview of the open windows similar to the Mac OS X Exposé , on which the desktops can also be changed
    • A search with which programs can be started as well as the Internet can be searched
  • A notification bar at the bottom of the screen that shows both static and interactive notifications (now integrated into the title bar)
  • Windows can be dragged to the edge of the screen to be maximized or to take up exactly half of the screen, similar to a Windows 7 function
  • The maximize and minimize buttons have been removed
  • A new fallback mode for weaker hardware that is very similar to the classic desktop.

technical basics

The GNOME Shell is in C and JavaScript written and uses of Intel originating program library Clutter for the surface , and Gnomes own frameworks and components, such as the Metacity Successors mother as the only fully compatible compositing and window manager .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Florian Müllner: GNOME Shell 3.37.3 . July 7, 2020 (accessed July 9, 2020).
  2. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from May 23, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.madforubuntu.com
  3. ↑ Wingolog: GNOME in the age of decadence , accessed on July 14, 2009 (English)
  4. ↑ Desktop Devel Mailing List, April 2, 2009 , accessed July 14, 2009
  5. ↑ http://mjg59.livejournal.com/128650.html
  6. ↑ http://library.gnome.org/misc/release-notes/2.28/
  7. ↑ http://live.gnome.org/TwoPointNinetyone/
  8. ↑ Gareth Halfacree: GNOME 3.0 with GNOME Shell officially launched www.thinq.co.uk Internet portal, April 6, 2011 (English)
  9. ↑ http://www.jonobacon.org/2010/10/25/ubuntu-11-04-to-ship-unity/
  10. ↑ GNOME is now the Default Desktop in Ubuntu 17.10 Daily Builds . In: OMG! Ubuntu! June 7, 2017 ( omgubuntu.co.uk [accessed April 29, 2018]).
  11. ↑ Ubuntu 18.04 LTS published: Gnome is coming to stay - Golem.de . ( golem.de [accessed on April 29, 2018]).
  12. ↑ GNOME 3.2 Release Notes
  13. ↑ Easier Access to Web Applications , Retrieved October 18, 2010
  14. ↑ http://www.dedoimedo.com/computers/gnome-3-fallback.html